ผลของโปรแกรมส่งเสริมการกำกับตนเองผ่านการพยาบาลทางไกลต่อพฤติกรรมสุขภาพของผู้ที่มีภาวะเบาหวานที่ควบคุมไม่ได้ในชุมชน

Abstract

The use of tele-nursing to promote self-regulation in working-age individuals with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus may lead to improved health behaviors. This quasi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design involving two groups aimed to compare health behavior scores between those who received a self-regulation promotion program through tele-nursing and those who received standard nursing care. It also aimed to compare health behavior scores, before and after the intervention, of community-dwelling persons with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. The sample consisted of 54 working-age individuals, both male and female, aged 35-59 years, diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and unable to control blood sugar levels. They were divided into an experimental group (27 participants) and a control group (27 participants). The research instruments comprised two parts: 1) experimental instruments, including the self-regulation promotion program through tele-nursing developed by the researcher based on Bandura’s self-regulation theory (Bandura, 1986), and 2) data collection instruments, including a general information questionnaire and a health behavior questionnaire. All instruments were content-validated by six experts, and the health behavior questionnaire had a content validity index (CVI) of 0.96. The reliability was confirmed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, yielding a reliability score of 0.83. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square, paired t-tests, and independent t-tests. The research findings indicated that health behavior scores after participating in the program were significantly higher than before the program (p < .001). Moreover, the health behavior scores of the group with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus who participated in the self-regulation promotion program were significantly higher than those of the group receiving standard nursing care (p < .001). These results suggest that the self-regulation promotion program effectively helps individuals with diabetes to improve their health behavior control.