ปัจจัยที่เกี่ยวข้องกับคุณภาพการนอนหลับในสตรีที่เป็นเบาหวานขณะตั้งครรภ์

Abstract

Poor sleep quality affects women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) physically and mentally, as well as affecting their fetus. This descriptive correlational study aimed to investigate sleep quality and its related factors among pregnant women with GDM, focusing on blood sugar levels, stress, and social support. The participants consisted of 128 pregnant women with GDM who visited prenatal care at Taksin Hospital, Klang Hospital, and Charoen Krung Hospital between September and December 2023. Data collection instruments included the Personal Data Record Form and Questionnaire, the Thai version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) by Sitasuwan et al. (2014), the Thai version of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) by Wongpakaran and Wongpakaran (2010), and the Social Support for Pregnant Women at Risk Questionnaire by Phanee Chunpradap (1995). Data were analyzed by employing descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, point-biserial correlation coefficient, and biserial correlation coefficient.

The results revealed that: 1. The participants had a mean global PSQI score of 6.13 (S.D. = 2.39), indicating poor sleep quality. 2. Most of the participants had poor sleep quality (55.47%), while 44.53% of the participants had good sleep quality. 3. Stress had a statistically significant positive correlation with poor sleep quality (r = .265, p < .05). Additionally, social support had a statistically significant negative correlation with poor sleep quality (rb = - .176, p < .05). 4. There was no significant correlation between blood sugar level and sleep quality. The findings of this study suggest that nurse-midwives should assess sleep quality, stress level, and social support among women with GDM. Moreover, strategies for stress reduction and social support enhancement should be developed to improve good sleep quality in women with GDM.