การศึกษาเปรียบเทียบการบริหารจัดการขององค์การบริหารส่วนตำบลแม่สาบ อำเภอสะเมิง จังหวัดเชียงใหม่ ก่อนและหลังการรัฐประหาร 22 พฤษภาคม 2557

Abstract

The purposes of this research are 1) To study and compare the management of local government organizations before and after the 22 May 2014 coup of Mae Sap Subdistrict Administrative Organization (SAO), Samoeng District, Chiang Mai Province; 2) To study, analyze and explain factors affecting changes in administration of local administration organizations before and after the coup 22 May 2014 of Mae Sap Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Samoeng District, Chiang Mai Province; 3) to study and analyze the relationships between national political changes and the management of local authorities. This research is a qualitative study. The researcher collected data from in-depth interviews with key informants. Which is a group of stakeholders with the Mae Sap Subdistrict Administrative Organization, 4 groups of 5 people, namely local administrators, community leadership groups, government officials and employees and people’s representative groups. The results showed that 1) after the coup, the National Council for Peace and Order (NCPO) issued laws, regulations, and orders both directly through the use of Section 44 of the 2014 Interim Constitution and indirectly through the mechanisms of the central government and provincial units. As a result, the management of Mae Sab Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Samoeng District, Chiang Mai Province was affected in 4 aspects: one, personnel management of civil servants or sub-district employees was repositioned from Common level to Position Category Examination for local staff recruitment and examination for local government officials in the management line. The local unit cannot conduct the exam by itself like in the past. Two, budget management. Mae Sap Subdistrict Administrative Organization's income has decreased from the original after the NCPO government adjusted property and land tax collection and local maintenance tax It is a land and building tax collection instead. It has also reduced government subsidies and subsidized budgets that were earlier stated. As a result, the Mae Sap Subdistrict Administrative Organization has insufficient income for sub-district development and to control the procurement. Three, resources management. NCPO passed a new law on nationwide based procurement and materials administration, replacing local regulations, thus making local executions more difficult. And four, management aspects. NCPO issued an order to allow executives and local council members to continue to hold the positions with no more elections, thus blocking the democratic rights and freedoms of local people. NCPO also issued a law to reduce the number of SAO members to only one person per each village instead of two. 2) Factors affecting the changes of Mae Sap SAO, there are 4 aspects: NCPO (repealed the Constitution of 2007; halting local elections, etc); The Central Committee of the Local Employees Competitive Examination(appointed by NCPO, replacing the local employee selection exam with the national level selection exam, etc.); Ministry of Interior(issuing more regulations and orders to further command and control local government agencies, etc.) and the Department of Local Administration (DLA) (assigned more work for local administration organizations by claiming an integration approach but it is in fact a top-down approach). And 3) In local administration and management, NCPO has downplayed the significance of decentralization. In addition, NCPO gas wanted local government agencies to be merely implementators, mainly receiving orders from the central government.