ผลของการสนทนาสร้างแรงจูงใจต่อพฤติกรรมการป้องกันกลุ่มอาการผิดปกติทางระบบโครงร่างและกล้ามเนื้อจากการทำงานในพนักงานคอมพิวเตอร์

Abstract

Musculoskeletal disorders are the most commonly diagnosed health problem among ailments related to working with computers. This quasi-experimental research aimed to study the effects of motivational interviewing on prevention behavior against musculoskeletal disorders among computer workers. The study participants were 66 supporting staff members working in a hospital and purposely selected based on inclusion criteria. They were randomly assigned, in equal numbers, to a control or an experimental group. Neither group was statistically significantly different in terms of sex, age, body mass index, physical activity, or musculoskeletal disorders during the past three months. The experimental group participated in the motivational interviewing activity four times over four weeks, whereas the control group received only an instruction manual. The research instruments consisted of an instruction manual for prevention of musculoskeletal disorders related to computer work, a discussion plan for the motivational interview, and the data collection tools. These tools included a general questionnaire, a work posture assessment from (Rosa- Rapid Office Strain Assessment: ROSA), and muscle strength assessment forms for sit and reach flexibility test and hand gripping. All research instruments were validated by experts and met acceptable psychometric properties. The value of index of item objective congruence (IOC) was 0.94 and the inter-rater reliability was 1. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and two group comparison t-tests. The results found that, after the experiment, the experimental group had statistically significant mean scores for ROSA and muscle strength assessment which were better than prior to the experiment, as well as compared with the control group (P < 0.05). The better mean score for ROSA indicates that the experimental group had adopted a good working posture and appropriate workstation modification. Moreover, the experimental group engaged in regular physical activity to improve muscle strength. Results from this study support the further use of the motivational interviewing program to enhance work-related musculoskeletal disorder prevention behavior among computer workers.