ความรู้และการปฏิบัติในการผลิตกระวานของเกษตรกร อำเภอนาหม้อจังหวัดอุดมไซ สาธารณรัฐประชาธิปไตยประชาชนลาว

Abstract

The objectives of this research were 1) to study some basic personal information, economy, society and cardamom production c conditions of farmers 2) to analyze the factors s related to farmers" knowledge and practice in cardamom production and 3) to study problems, needs and suggestions in cardamom production of farmers. The population of this research were 946 cardamom production famers in Namor district, Oudomxay province, Lao PDR. The sample size of 168 was calculated by Taro Yamane formula with an acceptable error of 0.07 and using simple random sampling by lottery method. Data were collected using the interview schedules from December. 2020 to January 2021. The statistics used to analyze the data consisted of descriptive statistics including frequency, percentage, maximum, minimum, and standard deviation and the inference statistics used multiple regression analysis to test the research hypotheses. The study found that most farmers were male with an average of 41.88 years, attained primary school and the average number of household labors was 3.2 persons. In 2020, farmers had an average cardamom planting area of 12.04 rai, with an average cardamom yield per rai of 23.50 kg, and an average net income from cardamom production per rai of 3,273. 14 baht. Most farmers did not contact with agricultural extension officers and did not receive information about cardamom production; moreover, all farmers have not been trained on cardamom production. Most farmers had moderate knowledge level of cardamom production and had high practices level of cardamom production. The result of the hypothesis found that education, number of household labor were positive statistically significant related to farmers' knowledge on cardamom production and size of cardamom planting area was negative statistically significant related to farmers' knowledge on cardamon production. Gender, education, number of household labor and net income from cardanom production were positive statistically significant related to farmers' practices on cardamom production. The research also found that most farmers suffer from drought, destructive pests, market and price of cardamom were uncertain and cardamom not fruiting, respectively. Therefore, most farmers need relevant agencies to promote the cardamom production techniques, flower accelerator and pollination methods and most farmers propose to the relevant agencies to support the marketing and price of cardamom to be certain, construction the cardamom dryers and offer good cardanom seedlings for farmers. Therefore, the relevant agencies in the area such as the agriculture and forestry office, Namor district should regularly transfer knowledge and providing training on cardanom production techniques by emphasizing practice to farmers and providing support the necessary factors for cardamom production for Farmers especially the preparation of cardamom planting area, how to grow cardamom, cardamom pruning, dehumidification and storage of cardamom for farmers to implement properly. The commercial office, Namor district should provide cardamom marketing support to farmers.