ปัจจัยที่มีผลต่อการยอมรับการใช้จุลินทรีย์ในการกำจัดศัตรูพืชของเกษตรกร จังหวัดเชียงใหม่

Abstract

The objectives of this research were to study 1) fundamental, economic and social factors of farmers who use microbial for pest control in Chiang Mai province 2) factors affecting farmers' adoption of microbial for pest control in Chiang Mai province and 3) analyze the problems and give suggestions on the use of microbial for pest control of farmers in Chiang Mai province. The population in this research were 780 farmers who are member and received training from the Community Pest Management Center in 2020. the researcher used a simple random sampling by drawing lottery of the names of 13 districts in Chiang Mai province, namely San Sai, San Kamphaeng, Doi Saket, Saraphi, Mae Rim, Mae Chaem, Hang Dong, Mae Wang, Mueang Chiang Mai, Chom Thong, Doi Lor, Samoeng and San Pa Tong. The research using the Taro Yamane at 5 percent which obtained the sample size of 265 farmers. The data was collected by using interview schedule confidence in knowledge issues (KR – 20 = 0.720) which collected between February and March in 2021. In this research, the researcher analyzed the data by using a statistical package for the social science (SPSS) which included descriptive statistics such as percentage, mean, maximum, minimum, standard deviation and inferential statistics such as multiple regression analysis by enter method to find the relationship between independent variables such as fundamental, economic and some social factors of farmers and adoption microbial for pest control in Chiang Mai Province. The results of the study that the farmers who used microbial for pest control had an average age of 57.22 years, graduate from Grade 7. Farmers had 18.84 years of farming experience. The average use of microbial for pest control was 4.75 years, with most farmers occasionally using microbial for pest control. Farmers were members of the Community Pest Management Center an average of 4.64 years. In 2020, household income an average of 137,393.25 baht, divided into farmers with an average income from the agricultural sector 81,273.96 baht and farmers who earn income from non-agricultural sectors average 56,119.29 baht. Also, most farmers have outstanding debts. It was found that the purpose of borrowing was mainly for agricultural. Farmers had an average agricultural area of 7.29 rai. Most of the farmers use the land to grow vegetables. Farmers perceived an average of 6.32 times of information about microbial for pest control, and they were contacted by agricultural officials regarding about microbial for pest control an average of 3.09 times. Training on microbial for pest control was averaged 2.38 times. In addition, they had knowledge attitude and farmers’ adoption about microbial for pest control, all the overall on a high level. The hypothesis test found that factors related to the adoption of microbial for pest control were 4 positive relationship factors including age and education level were statistical significance 0.05, knowledge and attitude about microbial for pest control were statistical significance 0.01, respectively. Problems in which farmers who use microbial for pest control encounter include the difficulty in the production and expansion of microbial, insufficient microbial available to meet the demand and the difficulty in the preservation of microbial for pest control, respectively. Suggestions of farmers who use microbial for pest control include increasing training on the production and proper spraying of microbial. Also, it is recommended to improve the tools and facilities used to produce microbial substances and expand microbial for pest control pests, respectively. Moreover, the relevant agencies in extension about microbial for pest control of farmers. There should be ongoing training activities to educate farmers. To help in planning the production of microbial with the needs of farmers. Including budget supporting to improve tools and equipment in the production of microbial for pest control.