การจัดการอนุรักษ์และพัฒนาวงปี่พาทย์พื้นเมืองล้านนาในจังหวัดเชียงใหม่เพื่อการสืบทอดอัตลักษณ์ทางวัฒนธรรม

Abstract

This thesis is study about the conservation and developing management for inheritance cultural indentity of Lanna Pi Phat ensemble in Chiang Mai province. The aims of this study are historical study, factor, quality and worthy of Lanna Pi Phat ensemble as well as situation and problem in case selected ensembles. These are for the other Lanna Pi Phat ensembles to know how to develop themselves. The research analyzes through a qualitative approach, as well as, unstructured interviewing and ethnomusicological approach. The study revealed that: Lanna Pi Phat is called in local northern language that “Pad Kong” or “Wong Pad” which are two instruments such as gamelan and gong. Pad Kong was an ancient Lanna musical instrument which related to Lanna history according to the historically inscribed evidence, Chiang Mai local legend, culture, belief and ritual. There is original constituent of instrument and characterization. The development of Thai instrument from central of Siam; the king’s household, effects to ensemble form through the residence of prince in the north of Thailand (KumLaung) nowadays. Since the prosperity and economic growth, the expansion from central to suburb, make the way of life in Chiangmai changes which effect to customs, traditions, arts and cultures including Lanna Pi Phat ensembles adjustment. Some ensembles are preservative and unacceptable development of applying contemporary, lack of knowledge organization, mixing instruments, technique and music presentation. Since there is no development for responding to any listeners and employers, it may not favor, effect to quantity of employment and decrease income. So these ensembles cannot stand and chance going out of business. Researcher offers format and the management of Lanna Pi Phat ensembles conservation and development for cultural identity following into 2 parts. First is for the conservation of Lanna Pi Phat ensembles by original music instruments remaining and also local music that means to identity sound of Lanna music. Second is for the development of Lanna Pi Phat ensembles, which adaptation of music presentation such as setting of ensemble, style of performance, musical style and tuning systems, to be contemporary.