การแก้ไขปัญหาความขัดแย้งในระดับหมู่บ้าน โดยกำนันและผู้ใหญ่บ้าน ของอำเภอทองแสนขัน จังหวัดอุตรดิตถ์

Abstract

This independent study, Conflict Resolution at the Village Level by Subdistrict and Village Headmen in Thong Saen Khan District, Uttaradit Province, examines a mechanism that helps alleviate public distress and reduces the burden on government agencies by avoiding legal proceedings. The research questions are: 1. What are the characteristics of conflicts occurring in villages, and what issues are involved? 2. What factors contribute to conflict resolution? and 3. How do subdistrict and village headmen play a crucial role in preventing and resolving conflicts? The objectives are to study conflicts at the village level, identify factors related to conflict resolution, and examine how subdistrict and village headmen are involved in preventing and resolving conflicts. This research employed documentary research and field research methodologies. The research methods included in-depth interviews and participant and non-participant observation. The key informants consisted of four individuals: one subdistrict headman and three village headmen. The findings showed that 1) types of conflicts at the village level include property and debt, land and public space, safety, family problems, and other issues. 2) Factors related to conflict types consist of conflicts that can be resolved quickly, conflicts with recorded agreements, and conflicts that cannot be resolved. Factors affecting conflict resolution include relationship factors between conflicting parties, social factors, and belief factors. 3) roles of sub-district and village headmen in preventing and resolving conflicts are that conflict resolution is carried out in two forms: mandatory and alternative dispute resolutions. Both forms are in accordance with the authority and duties of subdistrict and village headmen in maintaining order within the village effectively. Conflict prevention related to external factors includes legal, social, and internal factors emphasizing the personal roles of subdistrict and village headmen: knowledge and psychological factors.