การพัฒนาระบบเทคโนโลยีสารสนเทศสำหรับการจัดการสินค้าคงคลังของผลิตภัณฑ์น้ำผึ้ง

Abstract

According to the development of an information system for inventory management of honey products, the researcher had objectives to design and develop an information system for planning and managing inventory of packaging and labeling materials and to improve the system of demand forecasting for honey products to suit customers’ demands in each period, as well as to plan and manage the inventory. The data used in this study included average sales of finished honey goods, a total of 18 SKUs, and average demand for packages and labels for 21 SKUs. The mentioned data were from 2018 to 2020, and the tools used to develop the inventory management system use programming languages including 1) PHP language and 2) HTML language, etc. Moreover, MySQL is a program implemented for database management to develop the system, and the theories utilized to analyze the data in this research consisted of: 1) ABC analysis; 2) demand forecasting like simple moving average (SMA), weighted moving average (WMA), exponential smoothing, etc. 3) analysis of variance (VC), 4) determination of economic order quantity (Expo) and analysis of re-order points and inventory safety points, and 5) determination of the order quantity of silver meal and least unit cost, etc. The results were summarized as follows: 1) the development system developed in the form of a web application for inventory management of honey products since it is easy to access and convenient for use; 2) For the forecasting of honey goods for 18 SKU, it was concluded that the most suitable forecasting method by simple moving average for two items, weighted moving average (WMA), was seven items and nine items for economic order quantity (Expo). Also, the result of forecasting showed the tendency or opportunity that the total inventory materials will be used in 341,824 pieces divided into 170,912 packages and 170,912 labels, and 3) 21 SKUs analyzed by planning and management for inventory of packaging and labeling materials. It could be concluded that 1) ABC analysis for packages and labels discovered six items, accounting for 79.30% of the collection value in group A. For packages and labels in group B, there were six items, as calculated for 14.47% of the collection value, and in group C, there were nine items, or 6.22% of the value. 2) In the analysis of patterns or methods for determining the order quantity of packaging and labels for 21 SKUs, it was summarized that the priority classification: Type A had 1 fixed need and 5 unstable needs; Type B had 6 unstable needs; and Type C had 1 fixed need and 8 unstable needs. In addition, the policy used to manage inventory with constant and inconstant demand were determining economic order quantity (EOQ), silver meal (SM) and least unit cost (LUC). The ordering packages and labels for 21 SKUs were found to be: two items were compiled by economic order (EOQ), ten items for silver meal methods (SM), seven items for least unit cost methods (LUC), and two items for silver meal (SM) and least unit cost (LUC). The analysis was done to determine the appropriate order quantity. Anyhow, the researcher had an opinion that the economic order quantity (EOQ) is easy and convenient to order; thus, this method was chosen with all 21 items, and the total cost was 32,627.87 baht. To summarize, the EOQ could reduce total costs by 44,098.62 baht, or 56.73%, and when compared to before using the EOQ, the total cost was 66,153.45 baht. After using EOQ, which had a total cost of 32,627.37 baht, it showed that it could reduce the total cost by 32,525.58, or 49.17%. 4) Four factors were considered in the assessment of the information system development for honey goods inventory management: Aspects 1 and 2 both had high levels of opinion and overall averages of 4.5 and 4, respectively; aspect 3 was easy to use and had an overall average of 4.33 and a high level of opinion, and aspect 4 was correctness in the operating system, with an overall average of 4.83 and the highest level of opinion.