ผลของโปรแกรมการเรียนรู้แบบมีส่วนร่วมต่อพฤติกรรมการป้องกันโรคพยาธิใบไม้ตับของประชากรกลุ่มเสี่ยงในชุมชน

Abstract

Opisthorchiasis is a major contributor to the development of cholangiocarcinoma. Despite long-term efforts to control opisthorchiasis, the incidence of the disease continues to persist continuously. Therefore, it is crucial for at-risk populations in the community to adopt preventive behaviors against opisthorchiasis. This quasi-experimental research aimed to compare the preventive behaviors for opisthorchiasis among at-risk populations in a community, before and after receiving a participatory learning program. The study also aimed to compare the preventive behaviors between the group that received the program and the group that received regular services over an 8-week period. The sample consisted of 54 individuals from at-risk populations in the community, divided into an experimental group and a control group of 27 individuals each. The study was conducted in Ban Haed district, Khon Kaen province from March to April 2023. The research tools included: 1) a participatory learning program developed by the researcher based on the Participatory Learning (PL) approach by Kolb (1984); 2) an opisthorchiasis preventive behavior manual; 3) presentation slides; and 4) a video. Data collection tools included a general information questionnaire and a questionnaire on opisthorchiasis preventive behaviors. The content validity index (S-CVI) of the tools was 0.99, and reliability using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, with a value of 0.87. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and comparative statistics. The results showed that the experimental group, who received the participatory learning program for 8 weeks, had a mean score of 87.66 (S.D.=3.05) for opisthorchiasis preventive behaviors, which was significantly higher than the pre-program score of 71.08 (S.D.=4.13; p<.001). The experimental group also had a significantly higher score compared to the control group, which received regular services, with a mean score of 69.56 (S.D.=2.99; p<.001). This study demonstrates that the participatory learning program can effectively promote opisthorchiasis preventive behaviors among at-risk populations in a community, reducing the incidence of opisthorchiasis.