การสอนแบบจัสท์-อิน-ไทม์เพื่อพัฒนามโนทัศน์และความสามารถในการแก้โจทย์ปัญหาทางฟิสิกส์ เรื่อง ไฟฟ้ากระแส ของนักเรียนชั้นมัธยมศึกษาตอนปลาย

Abstract

This research was aimed to study the effect of Just-in-Time Teaching (JiTT) on students’ conceptual understanding and problem-solving abilities of current electricity among 42 upper secondary students at a school in Chiang Mai in the 2nd semester of the 2022 academic year. The JiTT approach, which primarily based on the theory of conceptual change, has adopted online survey to investigate students’ preconception about the subject matter, prior to the instruction, and use those data to correct or change students’ conceptual understanding instantly or just in time. The research tools consist of 1) a total of 3 JiTT lesson plans, covering the topic of (1) Electrical Energy Source and Electric Current, (2) Resistance - Ohm's law and Simple Electrical Circuit, and (3) Battery and Electric Power, which content and teaching method validity were evaluated by experts in the subject matter, and 2) a concept test which consists of 4 groups of conceptual questions, concept of (1) electric current, (2) resistance and ohm’s law, (3) battery and electric energy, (4) electric circuit, and 3) a problem-solving ability test which mainly focuses on applying conceptual understanding to solve sophisticated electric circuit problems. Both tests were validated by experts in the field and tried out with similar context group of students. Some questions were revised, and the analysis provide acceptable results. The teaching implementation lasted for 6 weeks (15 hours). The pre and post concept test analysis result indicates that students’ conceptual understanding increases and lies in the medium gain (Class average normalized gain <g> = 0.32), and the post problem-solving ability test result show that most of students (69.05%) pass the 70% scores baseline as expected.