ความต้องการการส่งเสริมการผลิตแพะเนื้อของเกษตรกรในจังหวัดเชียงใหม่ จังหวัดลำพูน และจังหวัดลำปาง

Abstract

The objectives of this research were to 1) to study the production conditions of meat goats and problems in the production of meat goats by farmers 2) to analyze data on the production conditions of meat goats and problems in the production of meat goats by farmers and 3) to provide recommendations obtained from the analysis for a plan to promote the transfer of knowledge on meat goat production to farmers in Chiang Mai Province, Lamphun Province and Lampang Province. The population is farmers who raise meat goats. A total of 220 people participated in the Lanna Goat and Sheep Project, Phase 1. The sample size was determined using Taro Yamane's formula at an acceptable error level of .05. The sample size was 142 people. Data were collected. Using an interview form with a confidence value according to Cronbach's formula of 0.883, data were analyzed using statistics including percentage, average, maximum, minimum, and standard deviation. And test the hypotheses using stepwise multiple regression analysis. The results of the research found that most farmers were male, with an average age of 53.6 years and had graduated from high school or a vocational certificate. The average experience in raising meat goats is 3.6 years. The farmer has the objective of raising meat goats to sell as fattening goats. The average number of meat goats raised on the farm is 33.9 and the average area for meat goat production is 4.5 rai. The breed of meat goats that most farmers like to raise is a hybrid between the boer and the native breed. There is a mixed farming style (locked in pens and released). Moreover, most farmers use coarse feed to raise meat goats. And have their fodder grass plot, averaging 3.4 rai, and have a water source that is sufficient for raising meat goats. Most farmers have vaccinated their meat goats to prevent disease and have supplemented them with mineral supplements for the meat goats on their farms. In 2021, it was found that farmers had income from average meat goat sales are 32,697. 18 baht/year and most farmers still have outstanding debts, most farmers have contact with livestock officials or related agencies. But did not receive training in raising meat goats from livestock officials or related agencies. In the past period farmers have an average of 1.99 channels to receive news about meat goat production. An overview of farmers' needs for extension meat goat production. It was found that farmers have needs. Extension of meat goat production is at a high level (1) Treat and prevent disease in meat goats (X ̅ = 2.93), (2) Management of meat goats at different stages (X ̅ = 2.86), (3) Meat goat breeds (X ̅ = 2.76), (4) Feed and feeding quantity (X ̅ = 2.66) and (5) Good farm management (X ̅ = 2.62), respectively. In terms of methods for extending knowledge on various issues, classified according to the methods of agricultural extended that farmers want most, they are (1) Individual form, farmers prefer the method of extended through visits to the farm ( 23.80 percent) (2) Group form: Farmers want extension methods through organizing demonstrations (47.90 percent), providing knowledge and training (31.33 percent) and (3) Mass type: Farmers want extension methods through publications or documents (10.20 percent) and the internet (7.00 percent). Regarding the need for support from government organizations of farmers, it was found that farmers have a high level of need for government agencies to extend meat goat production in 6 topics, including disease prevention vaccination services from government agencies and disease examination services from government agencies (X ̅ = 2.89), equal. Next was received support for medicine to eliminate internal/external parasites (X ̅ = 2.82), received mineral support (X ̅ = 2.75) and received the same support in tools/equipment/technology and animal feed seeds from government agencies (X ̅ = 2.56), respectively. Testing the hypothesis, it was found that the factors were related to the need to extends meat goat extension among farmers in Chiang Mai Province, Lamphun Province, and Lampang Province. There is a multiple coefficient of determination (R2) equal to 0.654, meaning that there are all independent variables that can explain 65.40 percent of the variation in the dependent variable. It was found that among all the independent variables. There are 2 independent variables: education level and the number of meat goats being raised, which has a positive relationship with the dependent variable with statistical significance at the 0.01 level. And has 1 independent variable, which is the number of channels for farmers to receive news about meat goat production, which has a negative relationship with the dependent variable with statistical significance at the 0.05 level. Problems affecting the production of meat goats by farmers. It was found that farmers faced problems with selling prices being suppressed by middlemen (40.10 percent). Problems with no livestock officers to advise on raising meat goats (35.20 percent). Problems with meat goats suffering from various diseases especially influenza (31.70 percent) and external/internal parasitic diseases (29.60 percent). Farmers gave suggestions about meat goat production, for example, most farmers wanted officials to go into the area to help take care of and give advice. In raising meat goats (54.20 percent) want training to provide knowledge on various matters related to meat goat production at least 1 time/a year (52.10 percent) want the government or agencies related to marketing promotion (48.60 percent), etc. Suggestions from this research farmers should diligently study and acquire additional new knowledge about raising meat goats from various media channels, especially social media, regularly to bring new knowledge or techniques to use in developing your meat goat raising to have better production efficiency. Meanwhile, community enterprise groups that raise meat goats in the area should have clear goals for meat goat production within the group. Can be practiced in terms of production marketing, group member management and budget management. To strengthen the enterprise group as well relevant officials or agencies in the area should have creating or developing livestock personnel in the area (livestock volunteers) to have expertise in raising meat goats to support the needs of farmers in various areas, especially in the treatment of various diseases in meat goats. Training should also be organized to provide knowledge on the issue. Various things related to raising meat goats so that farmers can apply the knowledge gained to their farms appropriately. Along with having relevant officials or agencies visit the area regularly. To provide continuous advice to farmers who raise meat goats in the area.