การพัฒนาเครือข่ายการจัดการการท่องเที่ยวโดยชุมชนของชุมชนริมแม่น้ำวัง อำเภอเมือง จังหวัดลำปาง

Abstract

This research aims to 1) study building network pattern for Community - Based Tourism of 3 groups in the Wang Riverside Communities, Mueang District, Lampang Province. 2) study methods to maintain network for Community - Based Tourism of 3 groups in the Wang Riverside Communities, Mueang District, Lampang Province. 3) study ways to develop collaboration network of 3 groups in the Wang Riverside Communities, Mueang District, Lampang Province. This is qualitative research using a case study. The specific data is collected from 24 purposive samples who have duties relating to Community - Based Tourism of the Wang Riverside Communities, Mueang District, Lampang Province. It includes 3 community groups by the adjoining areas which are Ta Ma O community group, Baan Pong Sanuk community group and Kad Kong Ta community group. Moreover, the collecting data is separated into 3 groups which are 12 public sector informants, 10 government sector informants, and 2 private sector informants. The result shows that there are 2 overlapping patterns of building network for Community - Based Tourism of 3 groups in the Wang Riverside Communities, Mueang District, Lampang Province which are formal community network and Community - Based Tourism network. In terms of community network, all 3 groups in the Wang Riverside Communities have the same formal community network pattern according to Lampang City Municipality law.However, there are differences in terms of Community - Based Tourism network. Ta Ma O community, for example, is a Community – Based Tourism network which is concrete. Its main purpose is especially for tourism. Another 2 communities are just Community - Based Tourism network. For instance, Baan Pong Sanuk community group is a network for preservation. Their main purpose is for preserve Pong Sanuk temple. For Kad Kong Ta community group, it is a network for managing Kad Kong Ta walking street. Their main purpose is to manage Kad Kong Ta walking street. In addition, for local operation, they do not use academic methodology, but they use informal agreement. And main elements of all community network are local government organization (in this case is Lampang City Municipality) and community members. By the way, other elements contain different significance depending on each community’s contexts. At any rate, there are 2 models of network which are collaborative model and decentralized model. Furthermore, the result shows that 3 groups in the Wang Riverside Communities usually participate in many activities in order to maintain their relationships. They meet each other through traditional activities, religious activities, and cultural activities. They also maintain their relationships through a social media communication such as “Line Application”. They use different patterns of motivation for keeping members and getting new members. Moreover, all communities are mainly supported by local government organization. Nevertheless, they still encounter with a lack of new generation leader problem. However, there are 2 opinions about Network Development for Community - Based Tourism of the Wang Riverside Communities which are connectable and unconnectable between the groups. Apparent result illustrates that there are initial capitals which can connect all 3 groups which are nature capital and cultural capital despite their different working styles. They should organize a meeting to exchange an information, making benefit agreement, and making rules. Especially, they should participate in “Long Sapao Chao Lakorn (Loy Krathong)” event and held special tourism activities in circulating pattern. Government agency that involves should be a middleman to coordinate, monitor, and support.