การศึกษารูปแบบการพัฒนาพื้นที่โดยรอบสถานีขนส่งมวลชนกับคุณภาพเมือง สำหรับโครงการรถไฟฟ้ารางเบาจังหวัดเชียงใหม่

Abstract

This research started with the facing of traffic congestion within Chiang Mai Urban Area due to the Urbanization of city area after the implementation of the 5th National Economic and Social Development Plan (1982-1986), which resulted in Chiang Mai's growth in social, physical and economic aspects that contributing to ‘Urban Sprawl’. In effort to eliminate these problems in the 12th National Economic and Social Development Plan (2017-2021), which based on Sustainable Development principles, Chiang Mai Mass Transit Project has been established in the form of a Light Rail Transit (LRT). Which using the Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) in study and planning processes in order to achieve the goal of being sustainable development. The researcher has realized the importance a study on the TOD and set the aims of this research to study and lesson learned in field of TOD through the literature review and case study, then analyze the TOD indicators by using the Analytic Hierarchy Process. (AHP) after that synthesize the TOD Typology of Chiang Mai and propose the Chiang Mai TOD design guideline. The results of this research are founded 15 TOD indicators dividing into 3 aspect groups. The result of AHP shows that the Social and Cultural indicators group has the highest weight (45.61%), follows by Physical and Environmental indicators group (34.65%), and Economic indicators group (19.74%). Lastly the synthesis of the TOD indicator, and site urban quality information from survey together with the Urban Transect gives 3 Types of Chiang Mai TOD Typology as the result including (1) The Urban Center TOD that is, high density. There are various land uses. and is important to people's daily routine, numbering 5 station areas (2) The New Town TOD that is, a new development area with trade and service activities as center of neighborhood and surrounded by residential areas, numbering 2 station areas and (3) The Special Use TOD. That is station areas with outstanding specific activities, numbering 3 station areas.