ปัจจัยที่เกี่ยวข้องกับภาวะการรู้คิดบกพร่องในผู้ที่เป็นโรคเบาหวาน ชนิดที่ 2

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease that has an impact on health conditions and causes major public health problems worldwide. This study was analytical research, a case-control study that aimed to examine the relationshipsbetween related factors, including obesity, physical activity, and anxiety, and cognitive impairment among persons with Type 2 diabetes receiving services at the diabetes clinic and the out-patient department (OPD 9) at Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai hospital. Data were collected from August to December 2020. A total of 264 participants were divided into two groups, including 88 persons as the case group and 176 persons as the control group. The instruments that were used in this study consisted of 1) a personal information interview, 2) the Montreal Cognitive Assessment: MoCA-Thai version 2011, 3) the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), and 4) the Trait Anxiety Inventory Form Y-2. All instruments were validated, and the reliability was acceptable. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis using multiple logistic regression analysis, and an adjusted odd ratio at 95% confidence interval was reported. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Obesity was associated with cognitive impairment in persons with Type 2 diabetes when controlling the confounding variables: subjects with a BMI greater than or equal to 25 kg/m2 were at a significantly increased risk of cognitive impairment by 5.88 times (OR = 5.88, 95% CI = 2.81-12.28; p < .01) when compared to persons who had a BMI less than 25 kg/m2 . 2. Physical activity was associated with cognitive impairment in persons with Type 2 diabetes when controlling the confounding variables: subjects with insufficient physical activity were at a significantly increased risk of cognitive impairment by 2.24 times (OR = 2.24, 95% CI = 1.21-4.13; p < .05) when compared to persons who had sufficient physical activity. 3. Anxiety was not associated with cognitive impairment in persons with Type 2 diabetes. The results of this study revealed that obesity and insufficient physical activity are related to cognitive impairment in persons with Type 2 diabetes. Nurses can use this information to develop interventions to enhance physical activity and weight control to reduce the risk of cognitive impairment in persons with Type 2 diabetes. Moreover, this could lead them to having further appropriate treatment and nursing care.