Evaluation of papaya green logistics in Yasothon municipality using screening life cycle assessment hybrid with geographic information system

Abstract

Over the past decade, human activity has affected toward the environment. The economic and industrial expansion is the main factor that leads to the consequent effect of the decline of the urban environment in many cities. They are all facing challenges of unsustainable development. As huge energy consumers and pollutant emitters, cities should play a key role in controlling global GHG emissions. This research aims to evaluate the environmental impact of the papaya logistics to Yasothon Municipality, Thailand. There is high consumption of papaya in Yasothon municipality, but a lack of papaya plantations in the area leads to a vast amount of import of papaya. The study developed a green logistics model. It uses a screening life cycle assessment to evaluate the GHG emissions of transportation activities in the papaya logistics hybrids with a geographic information system (GIS) using network analysis and closet facilities to define the best route between each node. The screening life cycle assessment show that an account of cross-country transportation, results to 217.92 kg CO2 eq/kg of GHG emissions generated with 2,229,780.488 km of total distance while the transportation between market and market generated the most GHG emissions in papaya logistics as 153.811 kg CO2 eq/ per year due to its long transportation distance and a large number of transport trip.The improved supply chain will be suggested with different potential cases to create an eco-friendlier of logistics based on transportation activities related to the climate adaptation policies, including a change in process or practices. Using the year-frame environment impact assessment from the baseline logistics. The improved supply chain suggestion separates into 3 types: Changing distribution, In-province supply, and Urban Transportation improvement. Considering the context of the area and the request from the municipality that prefer to cultivate in the area, the in-province supply approach is selected as it covers most of the research objectives. The potential in-province plantation was analyzed with the suitability model by ArcGIS software, it resulted shown that the suitable areas for planting are the area near the water source and transportation access which spread in the southeastern of the province, which is a low plain area, alternating with the waterfront ridge and northeast of the province. 20% of demand in-province production was suggested while receiving products from nearby plantation such as Mukdahan, Warin Chamramp Market and Narkorn Ratchasima to meet the Yasothon’s municipality demand in order to minimize the resistance of changing crops. Moreover, the collective delivery between market and restaurant also suggests reducing the GHG emission in urban area along with implementing the waste processed policy to reduce the waste which able to reduce the number of days of collect garbage. Therefore, it can accumulate GHG emissions around 106.415 CO2 eq of GHG emissions per year with of THB 11,789,420.11 total transportation cost.