การส่งเสริมการจัดการตนเองของบุคคลและครอบครัวในผู้ที่มีภาวะอ้วนลงพุงในชุมชน: กรณีศึกษา

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of symptoms caused by the body's metabolic abnormalities. Therefore, health promotion for persons with metabolic syndrome in the community is very necessary to prevent and reduce the severity of further complications. The purpose of this case study research is to study the processes and outcomes of promoting self-management of individuals and families in persons with metabolic syndrome in the community according to the individual and family self- management theory of Ryan and Sawin (2009), consisting of three parts: 1) knowledge and belief in health conditions, 2) skills and abilities in self-management, which had six steps, including goal setting, self-monitoring and reflective thinking, decision making, planning and implementation, self- evaluation, and outcome management, and 3) social facilitation. The samples in this study consisted of four families (four persons with metabolic syndrome and four family members). The research instruments were comprised of a promoting plan for individual and family self-management and a self-management handbook for persons with metabolic syndrome and family in the community. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and comparing the similarities and differences in each case study. This research utilized Ryan and Sawin's theory in the process of promoting self-management of individuals and families in persons with metabolic syndrome in the community. In terms of knowledge and belief in health conditions, it revealed that all families did not know the causes and how to deal with metabolic syndrome. In term of skills and abilities in self-management, the study revealed that all families could manage their diets, exercises, and stress while the researcher educated and promoted their self-management skills at every step. In terms of social facilitation, the researcher educated all families about how to access health resources. Moreover, the study found that family members, colleagues, and neighbors influenced the self-management of person with metabolic syndrome. After promoting the self-management process of individuals and families in persons with metabolic syndrome in the community, the study found that all persons with metabolic syndrome had accurate knowledge and understanding about the disease. They were able to manage themselves appropriately and continuously which led to a reduction of their body weight, body mass index, and waist circumference. For their family members, the study revealed that they had behavioral changes but only one person had reduced body weight and body mass index. The result from this research shows that promoting self-management of individuals and families in persons with metabolic syndrome in the community can provide a good outcome for persons with metabolic syndrome. Therefore, there should be further program development for effectively promoting self-management of individuals and families in persons with metabolic syndrome.