ผลกระทบของการท่องเที่ยวต่อคุณภาพชีวิตของประชาชนในอำเภอเมืองลำปาง

Abstract

This independent study is aimed to study the impact of tourism towards quality of life of resident in Mueang Lampang District by using quality of life concept to apply in this research. The data was collected by using the questionnaires from 400 samples and analyzed by using descriptive statistics consisted of frequency, percentage, mean, and validity test by Factor Analysis and reliability test using the Cronbach's Alpha of the component used to measure the impact of tourism towards quality of life, then analyzed the relationship between the elements affecting the quality of life and the satisfaction of the quality of life by using multiple regression analysis at the statistical significance value of 0.05. The results were summarized as follows. The findings revealed that most of the respondents were single female with the age of 21-30 years. They educated in undergraduate. Most of the respondents’ occupation are students and the average salary less than 10,000 baht. These respondents lived in Muang Lampang District for 11-20 years, mostly in Chompoo Subdistrict. They most agreed on promoting of tourism . The results of the Factor Analysis found that all 8 variables consisted of Community wellbeing, Urban issues, Way of life, Community pride and awareness, Natural/ cultural preservation, Economic strength, Recreation amenities, and Crime and substance abuse (Andereck & Nyaupane, 2011) can be re-grouped into four new variables of quality of life: Community image, Economic structure, Community well-being, and Community problem management. The results of the impact of tourism on quality of life in terms of Community image found that tourism had moderate impact on quality of life. The sub-element with the highest average score in this group was the Community pride. In terms of Economic structure, it was found that tourism had high positive impact on the quality of life. The sub-element with the highest average score was the diversity of festivals, fairs and community museums. In terms of Community well-being, it was found that tourism had moderate impact on quality of life. The sub-element with the highest average score were the beauty of the community. In terms of Community problem management, it was found that tourism had moderate impact on quality of life. The sub-element with the highest average score was suitable land zoning. The result of analyzing relationship between the elements impact the quality of life and the satisfaction of the quality of life, it was found that Community problem management impact to the overall quality of life. The Community well-being and Community problem affecting the quality of life to the resident who live near tourist attractions. All of four elements did not affect the quality of life of the residents who live away from tourist attractions.