การตรวจติดตามอนุภาคมวลสารในอุโมงค์ทางลอดดอนแก้ว ในจังหวัดเชียงใหม่และการประเมินความเสี่ยงทางสุขภาพ

Abstract

The objective of this study is to measure particulate matter smaller than 10 microns (PM10) and 2.5 microns (PM2.5) at Don Keaw tunnel in Chiang Mai and health risk assessment. The PM were collected from October 2019 – January 2020 daily. The 5 monitoring units (Dustboy) detectors the 2 tunnel entrances and 3 interior tunnels and set up 1 Houston Radar at entrance of the tunnel. The results of PM2.5 and PM10 dust levels classified by each month. Found a tendency to increase. In October, the PM2.5 was 20.84 – 26.82 µg./m³. The PM10 is 22.29 – 30.24 µg./m³. In January the PM2.5 was 47.07 – 50.79 µg./m³. PM10 is 50.77 – 59.59 µg./m³. When classified according to each period will find that daytime is more than nighttime. During daytime, PM2.5 was 35.59 – 42.83 µg./m³. PM10 is 43. 07 – 5 0.81 µg./m³. During the nighttime PM2.5 is 34.57 – 36.13 µg./m³. PM10 is 39.82 – 50.81 µg./m³.The results of traffic volume and speed studies, classified by monthly. Found that the traffic volume in December will have the highest average traffic volume 49,665 cars/day. The proportion of traffic volume of each type of car separated into 8% motorcycles, 24% cars, 40% pick up, 20% 6 wheel trucks, 5% trucks and 4% trailers. As for the V/C Ratio it will be between 0.30 - 0.32 which is considered to be a good level of service (LOS A). In term of speed found a slight increase average speed is 74.41 - 75.24 km./hr. And when classified according to each period will find that the amount of traffic during the daytime will have an average traffic volume of 36, 797 cars/ day. During the nighttime will have an average traffic volume of 11,993 cars/day. In terms of speed from the study, it is found that the daytime speed is less than the nighttime. In the daytime, the average speed is 73.91 km./hr. While the nighttime is the average speed at 76.00 km./hr. As for study, it was found that the amount of cars has a positive relationship with PM2.5 and PM10 with statistical significance at the confidence level of 95% (P-Value < 0.05) and with the r values of 0 .202 and 0 .222. And the speed will have negative relationship with the PM2.5 and PM10, which have the r values of -0.033 and -0.036 In terms of health risk assessment. In the study, it was found that PM2.5 and PM10 were in the risk of health (HQ > 1). The symptoms and the severity Depends on the duration of exposure, age, individual immunity and the concentration of pollution as well.