ภาระหนี้สินของพนักงานองค์กรปกครองส่วนท้องถิ่นในเขตอำเภอฮอด จังหวัดเชียงใหม่

Abstract

The main objective of this study is to get an understanding about the financial status, causes of debts, and the nature of debt commitment in both formal and informal credit systems of local government workers in Hot District, Chiang Mai Province. The needed information was collected from totally 410 pertinent local government workers which can be distinguished into three categories of government service workers namely elected local politician comprising 127 individuals, civil servant/permanent hire comprising 114 individuals, and temporary hire including 169 persons. The analysis was performed upon the results of descriptive statistics including percentage and arithmetic mean and Likert scale. The study found that the majority of debtors in local politician category were typically male, married, 47 years old on the average, with high school education, having averagely 301,134 baht total household income per year, and spending averagely 214,727 baht household expenditure per year. Their most accurate understanding was on how the interest on loan was calculated while their least understanding was the matter regarding loans for small-scale business operators. The most common cause of debt burden was the large proportion of the unemployed person(s) in total household members, followed by the high burden to repay loan compared to total household income. All local politicians under study had borrowing from formal lending sources on the average 650,000 baht per person which had to be repaid averagely 8,200 baht per month per person. Their most common formal lending source was the Bank for Agriculture and Agricultural Cooperatives (BAAC). Some local politicians obtained loans from informal lenders primarily their relatives/colleagues for about 52,000 baht per person which had to be repaid averagely 2,500 baht per month per person. Most debtors in the category of civil servant/permanent hire were characterized as female, married, 41 years old on the average, with Bachelor’s degree education, having 397,283 baht average total household income per year and 396,000 baht average total household expenditure per year. Their most accurate understanding involved the penalty fine for failing to repay loan by the due date and their least knowledge was on the policy and money deposit protection measures that the formal financial institutes must observe. Their most common cause of debt burden was the high burden to repay loan compared to total household income followed by the high proportion of the unemployed person(s) in total household members. All of them obtained loans from formal lending sources on the average 1,550,000 baht per person which had to be repaid averagely 14,900 baht per month per person. Their most common source of formal credit was the Bank for Agriculture and Agricultural Cooperatives. Some of them also incurred debts with informal lenders primarily relatives/colleagues on the average 87,000 baht per person which was to be repaid averagely 4,200 baht per month per person. Those debtors in the temporary hire category were typically female, single in marital status, 34 years old on the average, with bachelor’s degree education, having total household income averagely 261,572 baht per year and total household expenditure averagely 194,626 baht per year. Their most correct understanding was about the penalty fine for loan repayment default and their least knowledge was on the policy and deposit protection measures that formal financial institutes must observe. Their primary cause of debt burden was found to be the low level of total yearly household income, followed by the high daily household expenditure compared to total household income. All of them borrowed about 350,000 baht per person from formal credit sources primarily the Bank for Agriculture and Agricultural Cooperatives, and they had to repay the loans averagely 6,500 baht per month per person. Some of them, 52 persons to be exact, also borrowed from informal money lenders generally relatives/colleagues at the average amount of 57,000 baht which had to be repaid 2,000 baht per month per person on the average.