Effects of dietary white-button mushroom powder on mucosal immunity, antioxidant defence, and growth of common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Abstract

© 2018 Elsevier B.V. This work aims to determine effects of white-button mushroom powder (WBMP) on mucosal immunity, antioxidant defence, and growth of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). 192 fish were fed the following diets: 0% (control), 0.5%, 1%, and 2% of WBMP for 8 weeks. The results illustrated that intestinal mRNA levels of Glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferases (GST) genes in fish fed 2% WBMP diet were significantly higher compared with control group and other treated diets (P <.05). However, no significant difference was noticed in case of GR and GST gene expressions in fish fed 0.5% WBMP and control group (P >.05). The expression genes encoding Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin 1 (IL1), and Interleukin 8 (IL8) in the skin of WBMP fed fish significantly elevated compared to the control group (P <.05); the highest expression levels was noticed following feeding on 1% WBMP. In contrast, supplementation of carp diet with WBMP resulted in notable down-regulation IL10 in comparison with control treatment, regardless of inclusion level (P <.05). Feeding on WBMP supplemented diets resulted in obvious alteration of skin mucus protein profile compared with fish fed control diet. The alteration in fish fed 1% WBMP was more obvious both in case of intensity of observed bands as well as observation of new bands, which were not presented in control group. The final weights, weight gain, and SGR as well as FCR were significantly improved in treated groups compared to the control (P <.05). The results suggested that WBMP can be used as a functional feed additive in carp culture.