การวิเคราะห์ความรู้ทางคณิตศาสตร์ที่พบในภูมิปัญญาท้องถิ่นในจังหวัดเชียงใหม่

Abstract

The purposes of this research were 1) to study and analyze mathematical knowledge in local wisdom found in Chiang Mai Province. 2) to develop a fundamental database which analyzed mathematical knowledge in local wisdom found in Chiang Mai Province; in order to be the guidelines for mathematics learning in primary and secondary levels. This research employed a qualitative research design. During data collection, the researcher chose and gathered the data of local wisdoms which were obvious in holding mathematical knowledge found in Chiang Mai Province local wisdoms and there were no limitation in terms of access area. 1) Lanna Lantern 2) Salung Muang (Northern Thai Silver Water Bowl) 3) Lanna Umbrella and 4) Northern Thai Carved Paper. The research instruments were camera, video recorder, and field notes. The researcher used participatory observations, informal interviews, taking field notes, recording videos, and taking pictures. Then, analyzing the data in order to identify mathematical knowledge.

The findings were as follows:

1. There were totally 42 items of mathematics knowledge found in local wisdom. 1.1 Lanna Lantern includes 1) Two-dimensional geometry contains gable triangle, rectangular, squares, and equilateral pentagonal 2) The ratio of numbers 3) The congruent of triangle 4) Front view, side view, and top view of three dimensional geomatry 5) Creating of equilateral line segment 6) Creating of equilateral pentagonal 7) Equilateral pentagonal base prism 8) Square base pyramid and rectangular base pyramid 9) Creatia of octagon 10) Creating of squares and gable triangle and 11) Length measurement and use of measurement tools. 1.2 Salung Muang (Northern Thai Silver Water Bowl includes 1) Circle 2) Translation 3) Reflection 4) Rotation 5) Shape relation form 6) Axis of symmetry 7) Length relation 8) Scale relation 9) Linear relation 10) Creation of circle 11) Ratio and 12) Two-dimensional geometry contains rectangular, square, and triangle. 1.3 Lanna Umbrella includes 1) Cylindrical characteristic 2) Circle component 3) Equilateral number property 4) Rotation 5) Angle component 6) Side-Side-Side Triangle congruent 7) Appropriate in selection of mesurement tools 8) Fraction semantic 9) Creation of circle 10) Counting 11) Cylindrical unfold figure 12) Ratio and 13) Relation of two quantity 1.4 Northern Thai Carved Paper includes 1) Axis of symmetry 2) Transformatio (Geometric) 3) Shape pattern 4) Geometric figure 2 dimensions 5) Parallel and 6) Divided area 2. Database contained 42 items classified by 6 items of strand 1: number and operation, 5 items of strand 2: measurement, 27 items of strand 3: geometry, and 4 items of strand 4: algebra. There were 4 learning units of examples involving mathematics learning activities in Lanna Lantern, Salung Muang (Northern Thai Silver Water Bowl), Lanna Umbrella, and Northern Thai Carved Paper, respectively.