การจัดการทรัพยากรป่าไม้บริเวณพื้นที่ต้นน้ำของชุมชน บ้านขอบด้ง อำเภอฝาง จังหวัดเชียงใหม่

Abstract

This study aimed at analyzing 1) the utilization of upstream area forest; 2) knowledge, understanding and involvement towards upstream area forest resources management; 3) guidelines for upstream area forest resources management in Ban Kobdong, Fang District, Chiang Mai Province. This study was an integration between quantitative and qualitative research. Data were collected from samples by using a questionnaire and the bulk of the sample via interviewing and focus group by using the interview form. Data were analyzed according to the guidelines for quantitative and qualitative research. The results were concluded as follow. In terms of utilization of upstream area forest in Ban Kobdong, Fang District, Chiang Mai province, it was found that the forest was mainly used to male a living. It was mostly used to be the fuel and firewood for cooking at home and in La Hu New Year festival. It was also used to be a source of animal feed because the community raised black pigs for consumption and rituals. Therefore, they had to seek for materials from the forest such as banana trees, Sa leaves which were boiled to make animal feed. Food sources such as vegetables, bamboo shoot, rattan, mushroom and forest fruits were consumed at home. In addition, they were seasonally distributed within the community and used for home reparation. Moreover, it was used to be materials for basketry used at home and agricultural devices such as basket, wicker basket (Kra-bung), tray, etc. People can get extra income by basketry and bracelet braiding from natural materials in the forest such as bamboo, rattan, and I-Bu-Kae grass.

Local people had medium level of knowledge and understanding towards upstream area forest resources management. The government officers or related organization should create clearer knowledge and understanding about resources and conservation. The community should have a role or being on the stage to express their opinion and participate in conservative activities. The involvement of the community for forest resources conservation was at a medium level. Divided by the involvement, it was found that the highest level of involvement was in the implementation, planning, follow-up, and analysis on the cause of the problems, respectively. There were 3 guidelines for upstream area resource forest management of Ban Kob Dong community, 1) applying knowledge within the community for management approach which are belief, customs, old traditions, and local wisdom. 2) Applying knowledge from outside of the community management approach which is principles and concepts in the form of community forest and the community takes part in operation of activities. 3) Integration management approach is the mixture between knowledge from inside and outside the community knowledge through the process of cooperation between community and government. The community is ready to be a part of implementations and making decisions. The external organizations only take the role of supporter and assistant.