ปัจจัยทำนายการจัดการตนเองในผู้สูงอายุโรคข้อเข่าเสื่อม

Abstract

Knee osteoarthritis is a chronic disease that trends to increase in the elderly. The key to controlling knee osteoarthritis is proper self-management. This predictive correlational research aimed to study self-management and factors predicting self-management among older persons with knee osteoarthritis which include health literacy, social support, and self-efficacy. The participants were 120 older persons with knee osteoarthritis who received treatment at four health promoting hospitals in Muang Phrae district, Phrae province. Data collection was indicated by multiple stage random sampling, and the sample group was collected by convenience sampling during August to October 2021. The research tools consist of a personal data questionnaire, self-management evaluation, health literacy evaluation, social support evaluation, and self-efficacy evaluation among older persons with knee osteoarthritis. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that, overall, the sample group demonstrated self-management and three aspects at high levels. Social support, self-efficacy, and health literacy could predict self-management among older persons with knee osteoarthritis (74%) with statistical significance at.001. Social support was the most predictive factor of self-management (β = .557, p < .001), followed by self-efficacy (β .342,p < .001), and health literacy (β = .133, p < .001) Health personnel can utilize the research results to develop a program to promote self- management among older persons with knee osteoarthritis by advocating for social support, self-efficacy, and heath literacy.