ความรอบรู้ด้านสุขภาพมารดาและพฤติกรรมสุขภาพขณะตั้งครรภ์ของสตรีครรภ์แรก

Abstract

Maternal health literacy and health behaviors during pregnancy are very important for the health status of pregnant women and their fetus. The purpose of this descriptive correlational research was to explore the relationship between maternal health literacy and health behaviors during pregnancy of first-time pregnant women. The participants were 84 primigravida pregnant women attending antenatal care at Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital and Health Promotion Center Region 1 Chiang Mai from September 2022 to November 2022. The research instruments consisted of personal information questionnaires; the Maternal Health Literacy Scale by Guttersrud et al. (2015) and translated into Thai by Waraphok, Ratinthorn and Limruangrong (2020); and the Health Behavior of Pregnant Women Questionnaire developed by the researchers based on the World Health Organization's concept of antenatal care (2016) with a review of the literature on health behaviors during pregnancy. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. The research found that: 1. Most participants (63.10%) had a high level of maternal health literacy with a mean score of 64.02 (SD = 11.67). 2. Most participants (79.76%) had a high level of health behaviors during pregnancy with a mean score of 176.15 (SD = 23.77). 3. Maternal health literacy had a statistically significant positive correlation with health behaviors during pregnancy of first-time pregnant women (r = .81, p < .001). The results of this study can be used as basic information and as a guideline for healthcare personnel to improve maternal health literacy. This will improve health behaviors during pregnancy among first-time pregnant women.