สมรรถนะของเภสัชกรด้านการบริหารจัดการระบบยา

Abstract

Objectives: To develop a pharmacist’s competency framework on pharmaceutical system management and to assess the validity of the developed framework. Methods: This research comprised 2 phases. In Phase 1, the competency framework on pharmaceutical system management was developed using a 5-step scoping review. Original studies and documents were searched from three electronic databases: Scopus, PubMed and Embase. Additional documents from other sources were included. Data was analyzed by content analysis. In Phase 2, the 2-round modified Delphi method was used to access content validity of the developed competency framework with 21 experts. Then the competency framework underwent think-aloud strategy to test for its comprehension with 5 pharmacists. Subsequently, the developed competency framework was tested for its relevantly with the practice of pharmacists in Thailand using a cross-sectional descriptive study. An online questionnaire was a means to collect data from August to September 2022. A total of 403 questionnaires were returned. The results were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: The pharmacist’s competency framework on pharmaceutical system management comprising 13 competencies, with 67 behavioral competencies, was developed from the scoping review. However, the two rounds of Modified Delhi method resulted in 13 competencies, which can be categorized into 3 groups including 5 competencies in general management, 3 competencies in medicine system management, and 5 competencies in leadership and governance. Each competency includes entry and advanced levels, with a total number of 58 items. The results of relevancy assessment revealed that 51 items of the behavioral competencies are related to pharmacy practice. Regarding the seven behavioral competencies rated as irrelevant to pharmacy practice, those who were more likely to rate them as irrelevant were pharmacists without management status, working in educational or manufacturing sectors, performing professional duties with direct interactions with patients, and had more than 5 years of working experience. Conclusion: The pharmacist’s competency framework on pharmaceutical system management consists of 13 competencies. Each group of competency comprises series of entry and advanced behavioral competencies. Most of the behavioral competencies were relevance with the practice of pharmacists in Thailand. Keywords: competency framework, behavioral competency, medicine system management, pharmacists, health workforce