ความต้องการพัฒนาด้านการดำเนินงานของสมาชิกวิสาหกิจชุมชนในอำเภอสบเมย จังหวัดแม่ฮ่องสอน

Abstract

The objective of this study were to (1) investigate certain personal, economic, and social basic characteristics of community enterprise members; and (2) analyze factors related to the operational and developmental needs of community enterprise members and (3) Study the problems, needs and suggestions for Community Enterprise Members' Needs for Operation Development in Sop Moei District, Mae Hong Son Province. The population in this research was community enterprise members registered with the Department of Agricultural Extension in 2022, with a total 399 people. The sample size was calculated using Taro Yamane's formula, with an acceptable sampling error of 0.07, resulting in a sample of 136 people. An interview form with a reliability of 0.954 according to Cronbach's method was used as a tool to collect data from community enterprise members. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including frequency, percentage, mean, maximum, minimum, and standard deviation. The hypothesis was tested to find the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variables using a multiple regression analysis (enter method). The study results found that most community enterprise members were male, had an average age of 46.63 years, had primary and secondary education/vocational certificates, and had an average of 2.75 household workers. Members participated in the overall community enterprise operations at a moderate level (an average of 2.23). In 2022, it was found that community enterprise members had an average total household income of 84,648.53 baht, while community enterprise members with total outstanding household debts had an average of 119,718.83 baht. Most community enterprise members did not hold social positions. In 2022, it was also found that community enterprise members received training and study tours on average 1.87 times and contacted with agricultural extension officers on average 2.26 times/3 months. In addition, the operational development needs of community enterprise members in Sop Moei District,Mae Hong Son Province that overall was at a high level (x̅=2.57) with high level in all 5 aspect as follows: leadership development (x̅=2.64), organization management (x̅=2.59), product or service production management (x̅=2.58), product or service development (x̅=2.57), and finance and accounting (x̅ =2.48), respectively. For hypothesis testing, it was found that the factor that has a relationship with the demand for development of the operation of community enterprise members in Sop Moei District, Mae Hong Son Province, with statistical significance at the 0.001 level, was the participation in the operation of community enterprise members. Problems in the operation of community enterprises of community enterprise members in Sop Moei District, Mae Hong Son Province, found that most community enterprises faced problems with low agricultural product prices, inconvenient transportation of goods (remote areas), and members lacking understanding of the objectives of establishing the group, respectively. Their needs and suggestions were: they wanted the government to support marketing and increase distribution channels for products for the group in online and other formats, and they wanted agricultural extension officers to go to the area to provide continuous consultation and advice, as well as they wanted the government to support more budgets for study visits to successful community enterprises in other regions. The recommendations from this research are for community enterprise groups to develop the potential of leaders by continuously organizing training for leaders, providing useful training courses for leaders, such as organizational management courses, finance and accounting courses, product and service development courses, etc., including creating a network for exchanging knowledge through off-site study visits. For community enterprise members, knowledge of product or service development should be developed for members by providing courses that were appropriate and consistent with the needs of members. Officers responsible for agricultural extension should provide advice on important issues in establishing a community enterprise group, benefits to be gained from being a member of a community enterprise, guidelines for community enterprise development, including laws related to community enterprises for community enterprise members to be aware of. This enables members to understand the objectives of establishing a group and realize the importance of operating a community enterprise to achieve its desired goals.