ผลของแสงแอลอีดีและการให้อุณหภูมิต่ำต่อการเจริญเติบโตและการเปลี่ยนแปลงฮอร์โมนในสตรอว์เบอร์รีพันธุ์พระราชทาน 80

Abstract

The effects of LED light and vernalization on growth and development, and hormonal changes in strawberry cv. Pharachatan 80 were studied. The research was divided into 2 experiments: Experiment 1 examination on the effects of LED lighting on runner production in the ‘Pharachatan 80’ strawberry, using a completely randomized designed (CRD) with 5 treatments and 5 replications (3 plants each) i.e., T1) natural light (control), T2), T3), T4), and T5) LED lighting periods 9, 12, 15, and 18 hours per day, respectively. Data were collected in term of strawberry plant growth, runner production, and daughter plants growth. The results indicated that the LED lighting periods 15 and 18 hours per day increased the number of petioles, leaf width, and chlorophyll content of strawberry plant compared to other treatments. Meanwhile, the LED lighting periods had no effect on the days to produce runners and leaf width, but 15 and 18 hours LED lighting periods increased the number of runners, daughter plants, petioles, and chlorophyll content compared to other treatments. On the other hand, natural light and 9 hours LED lighting period resulted in the highest strawberry plant and daughter plant height. Experiment 2 examination on the effects of LED lighting and vernalization on flowering and hormonal changes in the ‘Pharachatan 80’ strawberry. The experimental design was factorial in completely randomized design (factorial in CRD) with 2 factors. Factor 1) LED lighting 3 periods i.e., LED lighting periods 6, 9, and 12 hours per day. The second factor was 2 different temperature conditions, i.e., 1) non vernalization, 2) vernalized at 4°C for 2 weeks, compared to natural light (control) with 7 treatments and 5 replications (3 plants each). The results showed no interaction between the two factors. The LED lighting period 9 hour/day and vernalization led to faster flowering, greater number of flowers, and higher number of fruits significantly. These treatments also decrease auxin (IAA) accumulation in the shoot while promoting cytokinins (zeatin and zeatin riboside) biosynthesis and accumulation, ultimately promoting flower induction and flower development in the strawberry.