การแก้แค้นในมุมมองพุทธปรัชญา

Abstract

This dissertation investigates into Buddhist perspective against the retribution and analyses the background of the perspective by study from the information in Tripitaka, Commentary, and related research. The result of this research find that general perspective of Buddhist philosophy disagree with the retribution. The disagreement mostly base on the idea of Duhkha. The retribution also strongly contradict with the principle of extinguish one's Duhkha and Anatta (, which ground on the ultimate truth of the idea that “the action exists but the actor does not.” The Vinaya show the evidences that there are Buddhist ordinanceswhich indicate the punishment to the monk who commit an offense. However the aim of the punishment is not for retribution, but to give the lesson and polish one own habit. Buddhism has an approach that human has a potential to improve oneself under the righteous preacher. The research finds that the law of Kamar has some kind of resemblance to retribution. The law functions as a system that wreak and award to each particular action under the condition of intention. Finally, this dissertation proposes that the individual or society must react to or punish perpetrators under the purpose to give a lesson and polish oneself into the righteous way, and under the mercy and humanity principle, not the satisfaction. This kind of reaction or punishment are counted as not contradictory to the Buddhist ethical principle.