Effect of different customized abutment types on stress distribution in implant-supported single crown: a 3D finite element analysis

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to investigate stress distribution with three-dimensional finite element analysis between different customized abutment types as follows: titanium abutment, titanium hybrid-abutment-crown, zirconia abutment with titanium base, and zirconia hybrid-abutment-crown with titanium base. Materials and methods: Eight models of implant-supported single crown with four different abutment types were simulated by SolidWorks 2020. 200N vertical and 100N oblique loads were applied. The average volume, maximum, and stress distribution of von Mises stress including percentage difference were analyzed by finite element analysis. Results: In general, the parameters presented result's meaning in the same way. The titanium abutment and zirconia abutment with titanium base generated the parameters' highest values at implant and screw respectively. The zirconia abutment with titanium base, compared with titanium abutment, generated the highest volume average von Mises stress at titanium base (19.16 MPa) and screw (15.62 MPa). The titanium hybrid- abutment-crown, compared with titanium abutment, generated the highest volume average von Mises stress at hybrid-abutment-crown (14.06 MPa) and screw (12.42 MPa). The zirconia abutment with titanium base, compared with zirconia hybrid-abutment- crown with titanium base, generated the highest volume average von Mises stress at titanium base (19.16 MPa) and screw (15.62 MPa). Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, the oblique loading generally generated higher average volume von Mises stress than vertical loading in each component of all abutment types. The titanium base absorbed stress itself and improved stress distribution of implant in zirconia abutment with titanium base. The combination of hybrid-abutment- crown deteriorated stress distribution of screw in titanium hybrid-abutment-crown and implant in zirconia hybrid-abutment-crown with titanium base.