ผลของโปรแกรมส่งเสริมการมีส่วนร่วมของครอบครัวต่อการปฏิบัติของครอบครัวในการดูแลสายตาของเด็กวัยเรียนที่ใช้งานอุปกรณ์ดิจิทัล

Abstract

Thai society nourishes and encourages school age children to learn through digital devices. However, this causes digital eye strain. Therefore, encouraging parental participation in vision care for school age children who appropriately use digital devices will aid in the prevention of digital device-induced eye strain. This study used a quasi-experimental design with two groups, pretest-posttest, to investigate the effects of family participation enhancement programs on families' vision care practices for school age children using digital devices. The participants were parents or guardians of children in grades 1-3 in Chiang Mai province. Schools were assigned, by simple random sampling, to a group which either received or did not receive the program. Purposive sampling was used, with 19 persons per group.

The instruments utilized in the tests were family participation enhancement programs devised by the researcher based on Community Participation (Cohen & Uphoff, 1986) for a duration of 8 weeks. Furthermore, instructional plans, a family participation promotion manual, video instructors, a family participation promotion kit, and LINE apps were available. The data collecting instrument was a family practice questionnaire on vision care for school age children administered using digital devices, with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.98. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the Chi-square test, the Fisher exact test, and an independent t-test.

The findings revealed that parents or guardians had a higher degree of family practice in caring for the vision of school age children who used digital devices after receiving the program than before (p < .001). After receiving the program, parents or guardians who attended the program had a higher degree of family practice in caring for the vision of school age children who used digital devices than those who did not attend the program (p = .001).

This research can be used as a model to promote vision care for school age children who use digital devices based on family participation and can be expanded to other schools.