การสนับสนุนทางสังคม ความรู้สึกมีคุณค่าในตนเอง ความแข็งแกร่งในชีวิตและความเสี่ยงต่อการฆ่าตัวตายซ้ำ ของผู้ป่วยโรคซึมเศร้า

Abstract

Repeated suicide attempts are a major problem in Thailand and tend to become more severe, as the second attempt contributes to a doubly adverse effect compared to the first one. The impacts of attempts affect the attempters themselves, people around them, their family, and society. This correlational descriptive research aims at examining the relationship between social support, self-esteem, resilience, and the risk of suicide attempts in patients with major depressive disorders. The sample consisted of patients with a major depressive disorders ages 20-59 years old, both male and female with a history of committing suicide at least 1 time, who were treated at outpatient departments of mental health-affiliated psychiatric hospitals between March and August 2022 with 108 participants selected based on the predetermined inclusion criteria. The data collection tools included 1) Mini International Neuropsychiatric Structure Interview [M.I.N.I.]: Suicidality part; 2) The Personal Resource Questionnaire: PRQ-85 Part II; 3) The Revised Version of the Thai Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale: Revised Thai RSES; and 4) The Resilience Inventory. Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and Spearman’s correlation coefficient were used for data analysis. The findings revealed that: 1. About 46.3% of the participants was prone to a high repeated suicide risk, with 13.0% prone to a moderate risk, and 40.7% to a low risk. 2. Almost 77% of the participants had high or good social support while 23.1% had low or poor social support. 3. About 31.5% of the participants had high self-esteem; 56.5% had moderate self-esteem; and 12.0% had low self-esteem. 4. It was 56.5% of the participants that had high resilience; 38.9% had moderate resilience; and 4.6% had low resilience. 5. Social support and resilience had a moderately negative relationship with the repeated suicide risk, at the statistical significance of .01 (r = -.353 and -.546, respectively) while self-esteem had a low negative relationship with the repeated suicide risk, at the statistical significance of .01 (r = -.269). The results of this research can be used as fundamental information for healthcare professionals to promote addressing, understanding, and preventing the risk of repeated suicide attempts, especially, to work on resilience enhancement for patients with major depressive disorders.