สถานการณ์สุขภาพช่องปากและการสูบบุหรี่ของสามเณรในโรงเรียนพระปริยัติธรรม แผนกสามัญศึกษา อำเภอฝาง แม่อาย และไชยปราการ จังหวัดเชียงใหม่

Abstract

Studies on oral health and smoking among the novices has been neglected. This research aimed to study oral health status, access to dental cares, oral health behavior and smoking habit of novices in the general education section of Phrapariyatidhamma Schools in Fang, Mae Ai and Chaiprakarn District, Chiang Mai Province. This is a cross-sectional descriptive study divided into 2 phases. Phase 1 is a quantitative study, using questionnaires to collect data about demographic characteristics, access to dental cares, oral health behavior and smoking habit. Using oral examination to collect data about dental caries and periodontal status. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics in percentage, mean and standard deviation. Phase 2 was a qualitative methodology. Using in-depth interviews and observations about problematic oral health situations from Phase 1. The results were found that in 303 novices, 32.01% were non-Thai nationalities and Taiyai ethnic groups, 38.61%, which is close to the Khon Muang (Lanna) ethnic group, 37.62%. The overall access to dental cares had an average score of 64.64 - 16.27%, was moderate level. The behavior of oral health, novices brush their teeth before bed the most as some of the most days, 41.91%. Eating snack the most at a rate of 1-3 days / week, 48.51%. Smoking habit, novices have ever smoked 22.44% and have smoked until now 16.83%. The oral health status showed that the DMFT index had a mean of 3.66 ± 3.21 teeth per person, the gingival index had a mean of 1.54 ± 0.29 points, while the OHI- S index had a mean of 2.83 ± 1.20 points. These indexes are all moderate level. From the result of quantitative phase, the most problematic oral health situation is smoking habit. Therefore, the qualitative methods were collected about smoking among 16 novices and one teacher, it was found that the environment in homes, temples, schools and communities plays an important role in promoting or preventing novice smoking. Including smoking linked to religious rituals. All have a link to make a novice start smoking, continue to smoke and stop smoking. In conclusion, high- smoking habit is a major oral health problem among novices that related to social structure. Therefore, the implementation of the novice smoking solution is necessary to expedite further solutions.