Cross‑cultural adaptation, construct validity, reliability, and responsiveness of the Thai version of the Patient-Rated Wrist/Hand Evaluation (Thai PRWHE)

Abstract

Purpose: To translate the Patient-Rated Wrist/Hand Evaluation (PRWHE) which is widely used as the evaluation in healthcare and research system in wrist/hand disorder patients into Thai (Thai PRWHE) and to examine its psychometric properties. Methods: The PRWHE was translated to Thai, including cross-cultural adaptations, following standard guidelines. Psychometric properties were evaluated with 292 wrist/hand musculoskeletal disorder patients. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to determine test–retest reliability over a 7-day interval. Construct validity was evaluated using two methods: Spearman’s rank correlation of related and unrelated subscales and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Responsiveness was analyzed using the standardized response mean (SRM). Results: All subscales had high Cronbach’s alpha (0.91–0.96). Evaluation of the Pain subscale found good correlations with the Thai PRWHE and the Thai version of disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (Thai DASH) questionnaire (r = 0.55, P < 0.0001) in related dimensions. Unrelated dimensions, the Total Function subscale of the Thai PRWHE, and the Mobility subscale of the Thai EQ-5D-5L had a weak correlation (r = 0.09, P < 0.12). Comparison of the one-factor solution and the bifactor model found the first-order three-factor solution fitted the data better than other models. The test–retest reliability with 61 patients in each subscale revealed excellent reliability (ICC = 0.94–0.96). In the assessment of responsiveness, the SRM with 54 patients was large (0.94). Conclusions: The Thai PRWHE has excellent internal consistency in all modules and good construct validity and reliability for Thai patients and provides a large standardized response mean after treatment.