ผลของโปรแกรมส่งเสริมความรอบรู้ด้านสุขภาพต่อความรอบรู้ด้านสุขภาพและการปฏิบัติการป้องกันโรคติดเชื้อไวรัสโคโรนา 2019 ในผู้ที่เป็นโรคเรื้อรังในชุมชน

Abstract

Health literacy is an essential for practices in prevention of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) among persons with chronic diseases. This quasi-experimental research study, with a two-group pretest-posttest design, aimed to compare mean scores for health literacy and practices in prevention of COVID-19 among persons with chronic diseases. The participants were 50 persons with a chronic disease; with living in the responsibility of Dongjen Health Promoting Hospital, Phukamyao District, Phayao Province, assigned to an experimental group (n = 25) and a control group (n = 25). The study was conducted from January to February 2022. The research instruments consisted of 1) the health literacy promotion program; 2) a guide book, media and equipment; 3) a questionnaire on health literacy for prevention of COVID-19; and 4) an assessment form on COVID-19 prevention practices, all of which were verified for content validity by six experts with a content validity index (CVI) of 0.93 and a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.95. Descriptive statistics, paired t-test and independent t-test were used to analyze the data. The result revealed that the experimental group had mean scores for health literacy after receiving the health literacy promotion program (x ̅ = 4.02, S.D. = 0.36) higher than before receiving the program (x ̅ = 3.48, S.D. = 0.33); and higher than those of the control group (x ̅ = 3.40, S.D. = 0.27) with statistical significance (p<0.05). The experimental group had mean scores for practices on prevention of COVID-19 (x ̅ = 4.21, S.D. = 0.27) higher than before receiving the program (x ̅ = 3.63, S.D. = 0.30); and higher than those of the control group (x ̅ = 3.50, S.D. = 0.23) with statistical significance (p<0.05). The results of this study revealed that community nurse practitioners and health care teams can be used as a guideline to promote the potential of persons with chronic diseases in the community by implementing health literacy programs to promote health literacy for effective practice in prevention of coronavirus disease 2019.