การจำลองภาพใบหน้า 3 มิติจากกะโหลกศีรษะของคนไทยในภาคเหนือตอนบน

Abstract

Facial reconstruction is one of the methods to identify dead bodies since 19th century. In the past, forming the clay on skull of dead bodies was applied by hand. However, the handmade replica require a long period and are hard to readjust when the forming process has finished. Nowadays, many computer software are available has exist and more intelligence to make facial reconstruction easier and faster to create a model. This research refers facial reconstruction methodology from Krogman’s method: a facial reconstruction method that was used in America in 19th century. Very important data needed for this method are facial soft tissue thickness, (FSTT). Then for this research, we collected FSTT data from CT Scan DICOM file at Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital database. 45 cases were used, 22 of male and 23 of female. 15 anthropological landmarks of skull were measured and took the FSTT median values to create a 3D FSTT of skull on 3D model program. When analyzed the FSTT data, we found that the thickness landmark was Mid-philtrum about 1.0 centimeter, the thinnest was Rhinion about 0.26 centimeter and male’s FSTT was thicker than female in these 2 landmarks. Moreover the FSTT at Mid-philtrum will decrease reversely with aging years. To investigate perception in comparison with the model, we created a survey paper to ask 4 questions to 100 random people. We asked which real faces match with our 3D Facial Image Reconstruction, to prove that our facial reconstruction may cause a recognition in any people. The result is 11% of people could correctly match all pictures between real face images and 3D facial images reconstruction, 5% could match 3 of 4 faces, 34% could match 2 of 4 faces, 28% could match just one face and 22% could not match all of face images. The results show that there is a good potential in creating 3D Facial Image Reconstruction of Northern Thai people. To obtain a completely perfect facial image reconstruction, we suggested that there should have more FSTT of the whole face and studies of another facial organs such as mouth, ears, eyes and nose to make a complete face and get a better recognition in the future.