มาตรการและวิธีการในการจัดการผลกระทบทางด้านสังคมและสิ่งแวดล้อมต่อชุมชนรอบพื้นที่เหมืองแม่เมาะการไฟฟ้าฝ่ายผลิตแห่งประเทศไทย (กฟผ.) อำเภอแม่เมาะ จังหวัดลำปาง

Abstract

The study was conducted to 1) investigate the effects, measures, and methods on the management of the social impact relating to land, career, infrastructure, and migration, and about giving back to the communities concerning people’s quality of life around Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (Mae Moh Mine) area, 2) study the effects, measures, and methods on the management of the environmental impact relevant to sound, air, toxic gas, vibration, and wastewater from running mine around Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (Mae Moh Mine) area, 3) examine the results of preventive actions on solving the environmental impact and social impact problem which have affected people, communities, and stakeholders living around Mae Moh Mine area during 2009 to 2019. This research was designed to be qualitative research. The data was collected from the interview with a total of 32 people consisting of the delegation, chief, head, and official from the direct section of Mae Moh Mine 20 people, the group of stakeholders who were village headmen 4 people, and the delegation of 4 communities 8 people. The study found that 1) an ongoing operation of EGAT. Mae Moh Mine for more than ten years has caused the crucial social impact such as infertile land caused by sulfur dioxide where soil, water, health, and safety were all affected. Therefore, EGAT. Mae Moh Mine has prioritized those impacts and realized that they were under their responsibilities. They have managed the project to show the responsibility for solving problems, and creating mutual benefits between the company and local people/communities like occupational training to enhance the potential of producing and distributing in the communities. Besides, there is a community enterprise managed by the local people. 2) The operation also caused environmental impact: sound, air, toxic gas, vibration, and wastewater from operating mine. Consequently, EGAT. Mae Moh Mine has defined the environmental management measures with the different standards that were lower than the defined standards of the government sector. 3) The outcome of the problem-solving operation on the environmental and social impact in the past ten years was in a good criterion. Although recently there are still environmental impact, they are at a lower rate. Furthermore, EGAT. Mae Moh Mine has allowed the community to participate in the environmental examination and measurement together in order to enhance more reliance and trust among the local communities than in the past. As a result, the local people and communities have more satisfaction and reliance.