การมีส่วนร่วมของชาวปกาเกอะญอต่อโครงการต้นแบบการจัดการทรัพยากรธรรมชาติและสิ่งแวดล้อมโดยรัฐ ตำบลบ้านจันทร์ อำเภอกัลยาณิวัฒนา จังหวัดเชียงใหม่

Abstract

This independent study titled "Participation of Pga k’nyau in the Master Project of State Management of Natural Resources and Environment, Ban-Jan Sub-district, Kalayaniwatana District, Changwat Chiang Mai.” aimed at 1) analyzing the participation of Pga k’nyau, 2) analyzing problems and obstacles towards the participation of Pga k’nyau, and 3) describing and suggesting guidelines for solving problems together between the government and Pga k’nyau in Ban-Jan sub-district, Kalayaniwatana district, Changwat Chiang Mai concerning the master project of state management of natural resources and environment. This qualitative study collected data from 36 informants. Regarding the results, it was found that the government agencies set the team for propelling the implementation according to the project by integrating with every sector in order for the community to have participation with several sectors. For example, Global Positioning System (GPS) technology was used to organize lands to categorize the natural forests, usable forests, community forests, agricultural land, and dwelling land in order to identify explicit boundary lines. People took part in identifying their lands and made an agreement within the village and sub-district that they would not invade other areas in order to conserve natural resources and maintain environmental resources. The government and private sectors provided knowledge and training for people in the village. They organized a meeting in the village community, specifying the direction for development to ensure that they had the same understanding. In addition, community activities were held so that the villagers could be involved with the government and private sectors in the area, such as a forest ordination ceremony, reforestation, creating check a dam to increase moisture in the soil surface, building firebreaks, and an annual survey for the responsible area. In addition, the government and private sectors provided the village a budget for the conservation of forest resources. In terms of problems and obstacles, people lacked understanding of the forest conservation projects of government sectors. People did not understand the purpose of the project because different sectors helped them with different methods. Therefore, they were confused and their ways to solve problems were rejected from the central organization. Moreover, the local administrative organization could not support the budget as it did not have enough income. Suggestions 1. In terms of comprehension, people should try to understand the project because there are many related organisations with different understandings, objectives, and implementations. Therefore, local people are confused and guidelines for solving problems are not consistent. It should be clearly identified which sectors- policy, administrative, and operational- in the area take responsibility. Each sector should have a consistent understanding of the individual roles and functions. Furthermore, the project should be directly supported by the government. Also, a suitable project duration should be scheduled. 2. In terms of budget management, annual planning and budget disbursement of the provincial project should be distributed to the local district for the readiness on implementation. The district should also appoint the operational staff for the direct cooperation between them and other sectors. 3. There were some geographical problems, such as remote areas, steep hills, wilderness areas, etc., which were difficult to reach and caused communication problems. Another problem was about the readiness of the community to participate in creating a plan for land surveying with related organizations. 4. Public relations should be done in order for people to understand the purposes of the project. People should also be provided with knowledge about laws related to the forest. Local people must have knowledge, understanding, and sincerity to participate in the administration. They should also sincerely accept and take serious action according to the regulations or guidelines upon which the team agreed, concluded and implemented to achieve the project goals.