การปรับปรุงการจัดการสินค้าคงคลังในร้านจำหน่ายอะไหล่รถแทรกเตอร์ กรณีศึกษา ห้างหุ้นส่วนจำกัด อนันตภัณฑ์ลำปาง

Abstract

This independent research aims to minimize the cost of managing inventory by adopting the techniques of inventory management from a case study of Anantaphun Lampang Partnership which sells tractors, tractor parts, and agricultural equipment. This study focused on one type of inventory which is tractor parts consisting of 1,700 lists. Data used in this research was collected from 1 July 2012 to 31 December 2012. It accounted for 6 months. It was revealed that there were many inventories in stock. For this reason, a great amount of capital was used for stocking goods. Furthermore, there was no certainty to order inventories in stock. As a result, the research used the principles of inventory management in order to identify the proper number of inventories and the suitable number of orders for inventories. So, this can minimize the cost of managing inventory as the mentioned purpose. To begin with, the unmoving inventories were eliminated (Dead Stock). It was found that the unmoving inventories were 1,068 lists. Therefore, there were 632 lists of remained tractor parts which were classified by ABC Analysis. Group A contained 144 lists accounted for 22.79% of the total number of the parts and it costed 79.88% of the total value of tractor parts. For group B, there were 162 lists which were 25.63% of the total number of the parts and it costed 15.10% of the total value of tractor parts. Additionally, group C consisted of 326 lists which were accounted for 51.58% of the total number of the parts and it costed 5.02% of the total value of tractor parts. After that, only group A were calculated for variability coefficient in order to find a format of a suitable ordering. If the variability coefficient is lower than 0.20, it indicates that the demand of the inventories is stable. So, EOQ will be used to illustrate the quantity of ordering. If the variability coefficient is more than 0.20, it shows that the demand of the inventories is uncertain and Silver Meal will be used to demonstrate the quantity of ordering. Eventually, reorder point (ROP) will be evaluated and compared with the capital. According to the finding of this study, it can be concluded that after comparing the capital of the present system and the capital of the system after studied, it was discovered that the previous capital was accounted for 130,859.41 baht and the new capital which was accounted after the research was 89,200.51 baht. Obviously, the capital was 41,658.89 baht deducted or 31.83% reduced.