การใช้เทคนิคการเสริมแรงทางบวกเพื่อพัฒนา ทักษะการดูแลผิวของนักเรียนสมองพิการ

Abstract

The purpose of this independent study was to examine the effect of using positive reinforcement technique to develop skin care skills of a student with cerebral palsy. The case study was a 21- year old girl, studying in the first semester of 2013 academic year at Srisangwan Chiangmai School. The instruments of this study consisted of 1) a behavioral observation form with three stages, 2) skin care skills plans, 3) individual education plans, 4) positive reinforcement observation form , 5) positive reinforcement record, 6) self evaluation form, and 7) skin care skills evaluation form. The data were analyzed by using percentage which were later on compared with pre-post skin care skill assessments, presented by table and graphs with descriptive explanation and statistical tables with descriptive explanation. The findings revealed that after using positive reinforcement technique, the case study’s skin care skills were increased from 46.66 to 86.21 percent. Each skill was increased as follows; sorting clothes skill increased from 41.66 to 84.89 % drying self after a bath skill from 46.66 to 84.99 %, choosing clothes skill higher from 51.66 to 86.66 % and treating self from 46.66 to 88.33 % .