การเปรียบเทียบสิทธิประโยชน์ทางภาษีการลงทุนระหว่างประเทศไทยและเมียนมาร์

Abstract

The purpose of this independent study was to study and compare the investment tax incentives of Thailand and Myanmar. The study collected data from tax laws and investment laws of Thailand and Myanmar from related journal articles, websites, and interviews with the board of investment of Thailand’s officers. The data were compared to determine the tax incentives in each country. The results from this study show that in regard to personal income tax, Thailand offers more tax benefits for tax exemption than Myanmar by exempting tax for higher income than Myanmar. In regard to benefits for tax rates, for incomes lower than 2 million baht, Thailand offers more benefits than Myanmar. However, for incomes higher than 2 million baht, Myanmar offers more benefits than Thailand. In terms of corporate income tax, Thailand offers more benefits than Myanmar because the tax rate of Thailand is lower than Myanmar. Also, Thailand reduces tax rates for SMEs and gives benefits to deduct expenses from research and development (200%) and deducts depreciation at a special rate. Myanmar offers more benefits of profit transferring abroad than Thailand because Myanmar has no rules for profit transferring abroad while the tax rate of profit transferring abroad in Thailand is 10%. For withholding tax, Myanmar offers more benefits for interest and dividends than Thailand. Myanmar has no withholding tax on interest payments to their residents or on dividend payments to both residents and non-residents. Thailand and Myanmar have different consumption tax. Thailand imposed value added tax at a rate of 0% - 7%, and exempted the value added tax for 19 types of goods (not export goods) and services whereas Myanmar imposed commercial tax at a rate of 0% - 120%, depending on the goods and service type and exempted commercial tax for 79 types of goods and 23 types of services. As for the tax incentives for promoting investment, Thailand offers more benefits than Myanmar in tax exemption term and losses term to deduct expenses. However Myanmar offers more benefits than Thailand in tax rate deduction term, tax exemption for reinvestment, tax exemption for export profits, and import duty exemption. The benefits of Double Tax Agreements (DTA) between Thailand and Myanmar demonstrate that income from dividends, interest and royalties impose ceiling tax rates. The method for the elimination of double taxation is Ordinary Tax Credit.