การพัฒนาวิธีการวัดผลกระทบของการให้บริการพาหนะขนส่งสาธารณะแบบไมโครโมบิลิตี้ต่อการเข้าถึงของเมือง

Abstract

Electric shared micromobility services, such as scooters and bikes, have recently been introduced in many cities to address primarily first-and-last-mile connectivity needs. However, limited research examines these services' impact within a multimodal accessibility framework. This study examines the accessibility impact of integrated electric scooter (e-scooter) and public transit services in Calgary, Canada. Using MuTraNG (Multimodal Transportation Network Generator), an online tool we developed based on our proposed multimodal transportation network construction framework, and made publicly available for other researchers, the research integrates e-scooters into the existing transportation network alongside walking and public transit. Two scenarios have been created: one featuring a multimodal service that includes walking and transit and another incorporating e-scooter and transit, designed to access key amenities, including educational institutions, financial services, and healthcare facilities. The findings reveal that e-scooters significantly reduce travel times across the city, particularly in areas distant from the city center and regions underserved by public transit, with travel times to essential services reduced by an average of 6 minutes. This enhancement in accessibility promotes social and economic inclusion by expanding the area within which residents can access essential services within designated timeframes of 5, 10, and 15 minutes. While the study highlights the benefits of micromobility in improving urban connectivity, it acknowledges limitations, including the focus on travel time as the sole measure of generalized cost and the assumption of uniform e-scooter availability. Future research should explore additional cost measures and broader impacts of micromobility on traffic congestion, safety, and environmental sustainability. This research provides valuable insights into the first-and-last-mile roles of micromobility and the potential of tools like MuTraNG in fostering more equitable and accessible urban environments.