ผลของโปรแกรมส่งเสริมการกำกับตนเองต่อการปฏิบัติการใช้ยาขยายหลอดลมชนิดสูดพ่นของผู้สูงอายุที่เป็นโรคปอดอุดกั้นเรื้อรังในชุมชน

Abstract

Older people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often have difficulty controlling their dyspnea symptoms. One of the causes is the incorrect use of inhaled bronchodilators leading to ineffective medication administration. Therefore, self-regulation can help older people with COPD to have the ability to control their thoughts and have appropriate behaviors. This quasi-experimental research aims to 1) compare the mean scores on practices in using inhaled bronchodilators among older people with COPD before and after receiving the self-regulation enhancing program and 2) compare the mean scores on practices in using inhaled bronchodilators between the experiment group receiving the self-regulation enhancing program and the control group receiving the usual care. The sample was 50 cases aged 60-70 years diagnosed with stage 3 COPD for at least three months. They were randomly assigned into the experimental group and the control group, with 25 cases in each group. The research instruments consisted of 1) the self-regulation enhancing program based on Bandura's self-regulation concept (1991), 2) a self-regulation manual to enhance practices in using inhaled bronchodilators among older people with COPD, and 3) an assessment form on practices in using inhaled bronchodilators among older people with COPD. The instruments were reviewed by 6 experts, with a content validity index of 1.00 and reliability with an interclass correlation coefficient of .83. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t-test, and independent t-test. The research findings revealed that 1) The experimental group had a mean score on practice in using inhaled bronchodilators after receiving the self-regulation enhancing program (M = 15.96, SD = .20) higher than before receiving the program (M = 9.80, SD = 1.68), with a statistical difference (t = -18.39, p < .001), and 2) The experimental group had a mean score on practice in using inhaled bronchodilators after receiving the self-regulation promotion program (M = 15.96, SD = .20) higher than the control group receiving standard nursing care (M = 10.60, SD = 1.47), with a statistical difference (t = 18.04, p < .001). This research study demonstrates that self-regulation enables older people with COPD to practice using inhaled bronchodilators correctly and effectively. Therefore, self-regulation strategies should be implemented to further promote proper medication use among older people with COPD.