ผลของการให้ความรู้ตามหลักพิตส์เพื่อส่งเสริมความรอบรู้ด้านสุขภาพต่อการจัดการตนเองและความรุนแรงของโรคในผู้สูงอายุโรคข้อเข่าเสื่อม

Abstract

Health literacy promotion is important for older persons with knee osteoarthritis to improve self-management and decrease severity of disease. This experimental research aimed to investigate the impact of PITS-based education to enhance health literacy on self-management and disease severity among older persons with osteoarthritis. The fifty-four participants were older persons with osteoarthritis receiving services from one of three sub-district health promoting hospitals in Uttaradit province and were randomly selected with twenty-seven participants equally and randomly assigned to both the experimental and control groups. The experimental group received a group education session four times, along with individual education, totaling five educational sessions over 3 weeks. The control group received routine care. The research protocol included the education plan, a health literacy for older persons with knee osteoarthritis manual, a knee osteoarthritis video, an understanding personal perception scale, and a health literacy of older persons with knee osteoarthritis questionnaire. The data collection tools included a personal and illness data recording form, a questionnaire on self-management behavior of older persons with knee osteoarthritis and the Oxford Knee Score. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, independent t-test, and paired t-test.

The results indicated that: 1. The mean score for self-management of older persons with knee osteoarthritis receiving PITS-based education was higher than the score for those receiving routine care (p < .001), and higher than before, at a significant level (p < .001). 2. The severity of disease of older persons with knee osteoarthritis receiving PITS-based education was lower than the severity for those receiving routine care (p < .05), and lower than before at a significant level (p < .001). The results of this study demonstrate that PITS-based education can effectively enhance health literacy and self-management among older persons with knee osteoarthritis. Therefore, healthcare professionals can utilize PITS-based education as a strategy to promote self-management and reduce the severity of disease in this population.