การจัดการโซ่อุปทานของโรงคัดบรรจุส้มโอ อำเภอเวียงแก่น จังหวัดเชียงราย

Abstract

This study aims to explore the supply chain management of a pomelo packing house in Wiang Kaen District, Chiang Rai Province, by analyzing the supply chain operations reference model (SCOR Model). The objective is to provide recommendations for improving the supply chain management of the pomelo packing house. Data were collected through interviews with three large-scale pomelo packing house operators who export their packaged pomelos overseas in Wiang Kaen District, Chiang Rai Province. The data collection methods included non-participatory observation and in-depth interviews, all framed within the context of the SCOR Model, which encompasses planning, source, make, delivery, and return. The findings reveal that the supply chain of the pomelo packing house consists of three parts: The upstream segment, which comprises pomelo farmers within the Wiang Kaen District. The midstream segment, consisting of packing house operators responsible for collecting pomelos. The downstream segment, including customers who purchase pomelos. The analysis of the pomelo packing house's supply chain, following the Supply Chain Operations Reference Model (SCOR Model), yielded the following results: Planning: It was found that entrepreneurs engage in both short-term and long-term planning. There is an operational plan for pomelo procurement. Effective packing house management ensures smooth operations within the facility and provides guidance to farmers for crop planning, reducing the issue of oversupply of pomelos in the market. Source: the pomelo packing house procures pomelos from both certified GAP (Good Agricultural Practices) farmers and general farmers. Make: the pomelo packing house prepares pomelos before delivery by conducting grading, weighing, packaging, and storage processes. Delivery: pomelos are sent both domestically and internationally. For international shipments, packing house operators must have the necessary documentation, which includes GAP certification, pesticide residue inspection certificates, GMP certification, and essential factory registration documents. The pomelo packing house utilizes trucks for transporting the pomelos. Return: only one packing house encountered issues that led to customer returns. The problems identified included pomelos not meeting the desired taste quality according to customer expectations, accounting for approximately 10% of the total orders in that cycle. Additionally, a significant portion, ranging from 50% to 90% of the boxes, contained rotten pomelos upon reaching the customers. The researcher has provided recommendations for the fruit packing house operators. Firstly, there should be an analysis of the packing house operations according to the Supply Chain Operations Reference Model (SCOR Model). This analysis will help identify both problems and opportunities within the packing house's operations. Secondly, there should be a plan in place to address customer product returns. Thirdly, there should be clear and diverse performance indicators (KPIs) established. These recommendations aim to enhance the overall efficiency and effectiveness of the packing house's operations.