ปัจจัยทำนายภาระการดูแลในผู้ดูแลผู้ที่เป็นโรคจิตเภท

Abstract

Schizophrenia is a chronic mental illness, and long-term care for a persons with schizophrenia can create a caregiving burden on caregivers. This predictive correlational research aimed to investigate the predictive factors and caregiving burden on caregivers of persons with schizophrenia. The subjects were primary caregivers of persons with schizophrenia who had come to receive services at a psychiatric clinic at the district hospital in Chiang Mai, and included 110 cases. Data were collected between June and August 2021. The instruments used in the research consisted of 6 parts: 1) Demographic data, 2) Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI), 3) Brief Psychotic Rating Scale (BPRS), 4) Caregiving Knowledge Test, 5) Social Support Questionnaire and 6) the Psychiatric Family Caregiving Skills Scale. The reliability of the instruments was .83, .83, .84, .88 and .84 respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and stepwise multiple regression. The results revealed that: 1. Most caregivers of persons with schizophrenia perceived no caregiving burden (63.6%), while some (27.3%) had a mild to moderate caregiving burden, and 8.2% had a moderate to severe caregiving burden. 2. Knowledge of Caregivers was the only factor that was able to predict the caregiving burden among caregivers of persons with schizophrenia which accounted for 10.6% (p = .001). The results of this research show that knowledge of caregivers for persons with schizophrenia is an important predictive factor of the caregiving burden on caregivers of persons with schizophrenia. Therefore, in caring for persons with schizophrenia, health care providers should focus on educating caregivers of persons with schizophrenia related to caregiving in order to decrease the perception of the caregiving burden and enhance continuing care for persons with schizophrenia.