การพัฒนาและใช้แบบประเมินผลกระทบของฟันที่สะท้อนคุณภาพชีวิตและแบบประเมินความพึงพอใจหน้าที่ของฟันเทียม รูปแบบภาษาไทย เพื่อประเมินผู้สูงอายุในโครงการฟันเทียมพระราชทาน

Abstract

There are different behaviors of denture wearing among older adults who use dentures under the Royal Denture Prosthesis Project. However, the impact on quality of life or any factors affecting denture wearing has never been assessed. Therefore, the purposes of this study were to develop and test the validity and reliability of the Thai version of the Dental Impact Profile by Strauss and Hunt and the Denture Assessment Tool by Ahmed et al. which were translated according to the translation guidelines of Beaton et al., then use the developed tools to assess the relationship of the independent variables (demographic and denture patients behavior factors) and the dependent variables ( the denture valuation in terms of the impact of dentures, satisfaction with the absence of teeth, and satisfaction of the denture function on quality of life). The samples were 215 Thai people aged 60 years old and over who received the dentures in Pak Chom District, Loei Province from October 2005 to September 2019. The interview data were collected from February 2021 to April 2021 by the village health volunteers interviewed the samples and the team of dentists examined their oral conditions. The tools were tested for content validity using content validity index, construct validity using know-group technique, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient for determining the internal consistency. The data were analyzed as the general data using descriptive statistics and found the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variables using analytical statistics including Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, Man-Whitney U test, and the Kruskal-Wallis test at a 95% confidence level. The results revealed that the Thai version of the Dental Impact Profile and the Denture Assessment Tool had the content validity index of 0.96 and 0.97, respectively. For construct validity, they were found all items had good structural integrity (p-value<0.05), except the kissing questions (p-value=0.192). Cronbach's alpha coefficient for determining the internal consistency was 0.97 and 0.92 , respectively. The results of the relationship analysis revealed that: 1. Age, education level, monthly income, personality traits, having a pair of natural teeth, and type of dentures were associated with the impact of denture on romance. Having a pair of natural teeth was associated with the impact of denture on eating and social relationships. Personality traits were associated with the impact of denture on social relationships and denture patients wearing behavior was associated with the impact of denture on all dimensions of quality of life. 2. Sex and denture patients wearing behavior were associated with an agreement level of the impact on all aspects of the absence of teeth. Also, the education level was associated with the agreement level of the impact on all aspects of the absence of teeth except speech. 3. Sex was associated with the agreement level of denture function on esthetics. The education level was associated with the agreement level of denture function on comfort. Number of natural teeth and type of dentures were associated with the agreement level of denture function on mastication. Denture patients wearing behavior was associated with the agreement level on all aspects of the denture function except comfort. This result of the study indicated that both tools were suitable for evaluating Thai older adults. Some demographic factors and denture wearing behavior of the older adults were associated with the denture valuation in terms of the impact of dentures, satisfaction with the absence of teeth and denture function on quality of life. The findings of this study can be applied for appropriate dental treatment planning and matching to the needs and expectations of each patient.