ปัจจัยที่เกี่ยวข้องกับความพร้อมในการดูแลของผู้ดูแลผู้ที่รอดชีวิตจากการเจ็บป่วยวิกฤตก่อนจำหน่ายออกจากโรงพยาบาล

Abstract

Intensive care unit survivors are patients who have recovered from critical illness and are receiving continuous care in a general ward before being discharged to home. Complications after a critical illness can affect survivors, resulting in an inability to live on their own and a dependence on their caregivers. Caregivers are important persons who care for survivors during rehabilitation and help them with all activities. The purpose of this descriptive research was to study the factors involved in caregivers’ readiness to care. Participants were 85 caregivers of patients who had survived a critical illness before being discharged from general medical or general surgery wards at Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital and who were selected by purposive sampling. The research instruments consisted of 1) a personal record form, for caregivers and intensive care unit survivors; 2) the Readiness to Care Questionnaire, for caregivers; 3) the Social Support Questionnaire from the healthcare provider, for caregivers; and 4) the Anxiety Assessment, for caregivers. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson's correlation statistics. The results showed that: 1.The majority of caregivers of intensive care unit survivors before discharge (41.20%) were at a high level of readiness to care ("X" ̅ = 85.32, S.D. = 26.42). 2.The majority of caregivers of intensive care unit survivors (48.20%) received social support from healthcare providers at a moderate level ("X" ̅ = 74.70, S.D. = 19.92) 3.Most caregivers of intensive care unit survivors (67.10%) had anxiety at a moderate level ("X" ̅ = 46.77, S.D. = 9.60). 4.Social support from healthcare providers was positively correlated with the readiness to care of caregivers of intensive care unit survivors before hospital discharge (r = .53, p < 0.01). 5.Caregivers’ anxiety was negatively correlated with their readiness to care for intensive care unit survivors before hospital discharge (r = - .52, p < 0.01). The study showed information regarding the readiness to care of caregivers of intensive care unit survivors, the positive correlation between social support and readiness to care, and the negative correlation of caregivers’ anxiety and readiness to care. The findings of this study could be used as basic information for nurses to prepare caregivers to be ready for patient care. Furthermore, the results could be used for planning knowledge and for practicing the caring skills of caregivers. In addition, the results of this study can be used to improve the quality of nursing service