ผลของโปรแกรมการจัดการตนเองผ่านการพยาบาลทางไกล ต่อพฤติกรรมสุขภาพของผู้ที่มีภาวะเบาหวาน ควบคุมไม่ได้ในชุมชน

Abstract

This quasi-experimental study aimed to compare health behavior averages, before and after receiving a program, and between groups of participants, before and after, who participated in a tele-nursing-based self-management program as well as to compare health behavior averages between the groups who received tele-nursing-based self-management program or normal care at an NCDs clinic in a hospital for 8 weeks. The sample group of 50 uncontrolled diabetic people from a community was divided into 2 groups, an experimental group and a control group, with 25 participants per group. This study took place in Nathom District and Banpeang District, Nakonphanom Province, and data was collected during February to April 2023. The research tools used in this research included 1) the tele-nursing-based self-management program, developed from self-management theory (Kanfer & Garlick-Buys, 1991), and the tele-nursing protocol by the Thailand Nursing and Midwifery Council; 2) the Line official application with functions which were useful for participants, including a self-management for diabetic persons handbook on the Google platform, a video for diabetic health promotion, and a health behaviors record; and 3) a graphic info presentation for health behavior promotion in diabetic persons. The research tools used for data collection included a questionnaire on demographic data for diabetic persons and a questionnaire on health behavior for diabetic persons, with a content validity index of 0.98 and reliability of 0.80, using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t-test, and independent t-test. The study results showed that the group who received the tele-nursing-based self-management program had significantly higher average health behavior scores (x ̅=134.04, SD=10.70) than before receiving the program (x ̅=103.88, SD=8.25) and higher than the control group who received the normal NCDs clinic in the hospital (x ̅=104.96, SD=8.00) with statistical significance (p < .001). The outcomes of this study showed that a tele-nursing-based self-management program is recommended for health behavior modification. In addition, it can be used for diabetic persons who can not control blood sugar self-management guidelines, through tele-nursing and by providing more effective health care service in the community.