Development and psychometric testing of the Perceived Organizational Climate Scale for nurses

Abstract

Aim: Retaining nurses on the job is vital, and their successful retention is related to the organizational climates (OC) of healthcare settings. The purpose was to develop and test the psychometric properties of the Perceived Organizational Climate Scale (POCS). Design: The methodologic research design was used by following the scale development strategies by DeVellis (2017). The conceptual framework for this study was based on the broader theoretical framework of the Competing Value Framework (CVF) of Quinn et al. (2015), the concept analysis and extensive literature review (1939–2018), and combined with the inductive qualitative data. Methods: A two-phase study of scale construction and psychometric testing was conducted for content validation, construct validation and internal consistency reliabilities of the instrument. An expert panel validated the 4-point scale, followed by exploratory factor analysis, the known-group approach and split groups. Data were collected from (1161) registered nurses in eight general hospitals across Myanmar from August 2019 to September 2020. Results: The 35 items with four essential dimensions: transformational climate, bureaucratic climate, team climate and strategic climate, explained almost 50% of the variation with all factor loading greater than.40. The internal consistency reliabilities of the instrument showed the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of.93, and the dimensions were from.82 to.85. As hypothesized, the known-group approach demonstrated that experienced nurses had higher mean scores than novices. The internal consistency reliabilities of the scale and dimensions across the splitting groups illustrated the stability. Conclusion: This evidence supports this instrument as having satisfactory initial psychometric properties with a comprehensive picture of OC by its essential components contributing to an inclusive understanding of this climate globally. Impact: This instrument can be used as an objective tool for evaluating OC as perceived by nurses in healthcare settings to inform improvements in working environments.